平台化合物乙酰丙酸酯的合成研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2023.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Biomass is considered to be the richest renewable resource in the world, and its high-value utilization would promote the development of green energy. Biomass can be efficiently converted into the bio-based platform compounds levulinates, and further prepared into high value-added chemicals. In this paper, the latest research progress on the preparation of levulinates via the methods of traditional levulinic acid esterification, direct catalytic alcoholysis of biomass and furfuryl alcoholysis were introduced in detail. It was also pointed out that the performance of the catalyst, the reaction raw material, the reaction molar ratio, the reaction time and temperature were all important parameters affecting the reaction. The latest research progress on the preparation of levulinates using different catalytic systems, such as liquid acid catalysts, mixed acid catalysts, solid acid catalyst and metal salt catalysts, was reviewed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of the three preparation methods were summarized and compared. Based on the problems existed in the current conversion methods, such as the selection and pretreatment of raw materials, complex reaction process and difficult control of by-products, high catalyst cost, low catalytic efficiency, corrosion of equipment and difficult of recovery, the future research direction was prospected.

Key words: biomass, levulinates, catalyst, levulinic acid esterification, direct catalytic alcoholysis, furfuryl alcoholysis

CLC Number:

TQ35
TQ216

Hongyan BI, Tianya LI, Zhibo WANG, Qidong WANG, Hongyun CAO, Qinqin ZHANG. Progress on Platform Chemicals Synthesis of Levulinates[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2023, 57(5): 61-70.

Figures/Tables 9

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Table 1

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Table 4

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催化剂 catalyst	反应体系 reaction system	反应产物¹⁾ resultant of reaction	产物产率/% product yield	文献 ref.
TNT-SO₃H	正丁醇n-butanol	BL	82.7	[15]
TNTs-SO₃H/Fe₃O₄	正丁醇n-butanol	BL	95.8	[16]
Ti-ATMP	正丁醇n-butanol	BL	92.1	[17]
3% WO₃-SBA-16	甲醇methanol	ML	96.0	[18]
Zr基金属有机骨架材料zirconium terephthalate type metal organic frameworks	乙醇ethanol	EL	89.0	[19]
磺化衍生碳sulfonated carbon	乙醇ethanol	EL	91.0	[20]
无定型碳amorphous carbon(GC400)	正丁醇n-butanol	BL	90.5	[21]
离子交换树酯ion exchange resins	丁醇butanol	BL	82-85	[22]
固定化酶immobilized lipase catalytic	十二醇lauryl alcohol	乙酰丙酸十二醇 lauryl levulinate	85.1	[23]
磁性纳米固体酸magnetic nano-solid acid	乙醇ethanol	EL	89.8	[24]
磁性纳米固体酸magnetic nano-solid acid	正丁醇n-butanol	BL	95.6	[24]
磁性纳米固体酸magnetic nano-solid acid	正辛醇n-octyl alcoho	BL	95.6	[24]
金属氯化物metal chlorides	己醇hexyl alcohol	乙酰丙酸己酯 hexyl levulinate	84.0	[25]
金属氯化物metal chlorides	2-乙基丁醇2-ethyl butanol	乙酰丙酸2-乙基丁酯 2-ethyl butyl levulinate	72.0	[25]

反应底物 reaction substrate	催化剂 catalyst	反应体系 reaction system	反应产物 resultant of reaction	产物产率/% product yield	文献 ref.
竹子bamboo	硫酸sulphuric acid	甲醇methyl alcohol	ML	30.8	[31]
纤维素fibrin	硫酸sulphuric acid	1-丁醇1-butanol	BL	45.0	[32]
纤维素fibrin	磷钨酸phosphotungstic acid	乙醇ethanol	EL	20.8	[33]
纤维素fibrin	盐酸muriatic acid	甲醇methyl alcohol	ML	58.5	[34]
玉米秸秆maize straw	硫酸sulphuric acid	乙醇ethanol	EL	52.6	[35]
纤维素fibrin	硫酸sulphuric acid	乙醇ethanol	EL	48.7	[36]
纤维素fibrin	浓硫酸concentrated sulfuric acid	乙醇ethanol	EL	29.0	[37]

反应底物 reaction substrate	催化剂¹⁾ catalyst	反应体系 reaction system	反应产物 resultant of reaction	产物产率/% product yield	文献 ref.
玉米芯/微晶纤维素 corn cob/microcrystalline cellulose	SO₄^2-/TiO₂-ZrO₂	甲醇/环己烷 methanol/cyclohexane	ML	76.7	[44]
葡萄糖glucose	硝酸处理后的H-USY H-USY was treated with nitric acid	甲醇methanol	ML	54.0	[45]
蔗糖sucrose	SO₄^2-/TiO₂	甲醇methanol	ML	43.0	[46]
葡萄糖glucose	SO₄^2- /TiO₂	甲醇methanol	ML	33.0	[46]
果糖fructose	SO₄^2-/TiO₂	甲醇methanol	ML	59.0	[46]
单糖monose	H-ZMS-5，H- β	乙醇ethanol	EL	7.0	[47]
单糖monosaccharides多聚糖polysaccharides	大孔树脂amberlyst70 macroporous resin amberlyst70	乙醇ethanol	EL	38.030.0	[48]
果糖fructose	H₃PW₁₂O₄₀	乙醇ethanol	EL	14.8	[49]
单糖monose	ZrY6	甲醇methanol	ML	67.0	[50]
葡萄糖glucose	20-SO₄^2-/MMT	甲醇methanol	ML	48.0	[51]
果糖fructose	20-SO₄^2-/MMT	甲醇methanol	ML	65.0	[51]
竹子bamboo	硅钨酸silicotungstic acid	甲醇methanol	ML	81.5	[52]
小麦秸秆wheat stalk	Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O	甲醇methanol	ML	53.4	[53]
葡糖糖glucose	MCM-22沸石MCM-22 zeolite	乙醇ethanol	EL	73.2	[54]

催化剂 catalyst	反应体系¹⁾ reaction system	转化率/% conversion rate	反应产物 resultant of reaction	产物产率/%²⁾ product yield	文献 ref.
硫酸铁ferric sulfate	FA/甲苯FA/toluene	—	BL	90.7	[59]
硫酸铝 aluminum sulfate	FA/甲醇(微波加热) FA/methanol(microwave heating)	100	ML	80.6	[60]
1.0-H₂SO₄ATTP	FA, EtOH	—	EL	95.4	[61]
异相p-TSA heterogenized p-TSA	FA, EtOH	96	EL	—	[62]
钨酸氧化锆、磺化碳 tungstated zirconia, sulfonated carbon	FA/丁醇 FA/butanol	—	BL	80^*	[63]
GO-rGO	FA	100	LE	—	[64]
Sn1-TOA/K10	FA/正丁醇FA/ n-butanol	—	BL	98.4	[66]
SMWP	FA	100	BL	90.6	[67]
纳米堆积SAPO-34 nanoaggregate SAPO-34	FA	—	EL	74.1	[68]
40Al/DFNS/Pr-SO₃H	FA/正己醇FA/ n-hexanol	—	NHL	93.5	[69]

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Progress on Platform Chemicals Synthesis of Levulinates

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