欢迎访问《生物质化学工程》,

生物质化学工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 27-33.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2023.04.003

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

农林废弃物生物炭的制备及其吸附性能

吴晓梅1,2, 叶美锋1, 吴飞龙1, 徐庆贤1, 李章汀1, 林代炎1,*()   

  1. 1. 福建省农业科学院 农业工程技术研究所, 福建 福州 350003
    2. 福建农林大学, 材料工程学院, 福建 福州 350002
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-04 出版日期:2023-07-30 发布日期:2023-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 林代炎 E-mail:lindaiyan@126.com
  • 作者简介:林代炎, 研究员, 研究领域: 农业废弃物资源化利用; E-mail: lindaiyan@126.com
    吴晓梅(1988—), 女, 福建三明人, 硕士生, 主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用研究
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2021J01497);农业科技专项自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS2021009)

Preparation and Adsorptive Ability of Biochar Carbon from Agricultural and Forestry Wastes

Xiaomei WU1,2, Meifeng YE1, Feilong WU1, Qingxian XU1, Zhangting LI1, Daiyan LIN1,*()   

  1. 1. Aricultural-Engineering Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
    2. College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
  • Received:2022-08-04 Online:2023-07-30 Published:2023-07-08
  • Contact: Daiyan LIN E-mail:lindaiyan@126.com

摘要:

为了探寻农林废弃物高值化利用方式, 以常见的玉米秸秆、稻草秸秆、大豆秸秆、松树枝条、青竹枝条和沼渣6种农林废弃物为原料, 采用真空管式炉限氧控温炭化法制备生物炭。利用比表面积测定仪、扫描电镜和红外光谱等分析生物炭的理化性质及结构特点, 并探究生物炭对养殖废水氨氮和总磷的吸附效果。研究结果表明: 6种生物炭均呈碱性, 沼渣炭碱性强于植物源生物炭; 6种生物炭其产率大小排列顺序: 沼渣炭(64.84%)>大豆秸秆炭(57.22%)>水稻秸秆炭(48.80%)>玉米秸秆炭(46.87%)>青竹炭(41.42%)>松树枝炭(40.01%), 其中, 大豆秸秆炭比表面积(5.84 m2/g)较大, 孔隙发达; 6种生物炭表面均含有丰富的含氧官能团, 化学稳定性较强的C—H和芳环, 均具有较强的稳定性; 6种生物炭对养殖废水中氨氮和总磷均有一定的吸附作用, 其相应吸附容量分别为20.00~31.00和4.00~6.69 mg/g; 大豆秸秆炭对氨氮、总磷的吸附效果最好, 饱和吸附量分别为31.00和6.69 mg/g。

关键词: 农林废弃物, 生物炭, 养殖废水, 氨氮, 总磷

Abstract:

In order to explore the high-value utilization of agricultural and forestry waste, six common types of agricultural and forestry waste, including corn stalks, rice straw, soybean stalks, pine branches, bamboo branches, and biogas residue, were used as raw materials to prepare biochar by limiting oxygen and temperature controlling carbonization in vacuum tube furnace. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of biochar were analyzed by surface area analyzer, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the adsorption capacity of biomass carbon on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in swine wastewater was investigated. The results showed that six kinds of biomass carbons were alkaline, and the alkalinity of biogas residue biochar was stronger than that of plant biochar. The yield order of six kinds of biochar was as following: biogas residue biochar(64.83%) > soybean stalk biochar(57.22%) > rice straw biochar(48.80%) > corn stalk biochar(46.87%) > bamboo biochar(41.42%) > pine branch biochar(40.01%). Among them, the soybean stalk biochar had a larger specific surface area(5.84 m2/g) and developed pores. All six kinds of biochar contained abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on their surfaces, and both chemically stable C—H and benzene rings had strong stability. The six kinds of biochar had certain adsorption effects on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater, with corresponding adsorption capacities ranging from 20.00 to 31.00 mg/g and 4.00 to 6.69 mg/g, respectively. Soybean stalk biochar had the best adsorption effect on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, with a saturated adsorption capacity of 31.00 mg/g and 6.69 mg/g, respectively.

Key words: agricultural and forestry wastes, biochar, swine wastewater, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus

中图分类号: