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生物质化学工程 ›› 2022, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (1): 30-36.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2022.01.005

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生物质流化床腐蚀特性及抑制方法综述

范浩东1,2, 张东旺2,3, 赵冰4, 张缦2(), 金燕   

  1. 1. 太原理工大学 电气与动力工程学院,山西 太原 030024
    2. 清华大学 能源与动力工程系,北京 100084
    3. 北京科技大学 能源与环境工程学院,北京 100083
    4. 华电国际电力股份有限公司天津开发区分公司,天津 300270
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-07 出版日期:2022-01-30 发布日期:2022-01-18
  • 作者简介:范浩东(1998—), 男,山西忻州人,硕士生,研究方向:流化床燃烧技术
    张缦,副教授,博士,研究领域:流化床燃烧利用及污染物脱除;E-mail:zhangman@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB0600203);中国华电集团有限公司重大科技项目计划(CHDKJ19-01-88)

Summary of Corrosion Characteristics and Inhibition Methods of Biomass Fluidized Bed

Haodong FAN1,2, Dongwang ZHANG2,3, Bin ZHAO4, Man ZHANG2(), Yan JIN   

  1. 1. College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
    2. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    4. Huadian Power International Co.Ltd.Tianjin Development Zone Branch, Tianjin 300270, China
  • Received:2020-01-07 Online:2022-01-30 Published:2022-01-18

摘要:

生物质燃料具有水分、挥发分、碱金属含量较高、热值偏低的特点,适合流化床燃烧应用,但在燃烧过程中挥发出的碱金属和Cl元素在一定温度下会对流化床锅炉安全经济运行造成威胁,如Cl元素的挥发容易导致受热面腐蚀。其腐蚀类型可分为气相腐蚀、液相腐蚀和固相腐蚀,腐蚀程度主要受到燃料成分、温度的影响。本文针对生物质循环流化床锅炉受热面发生腐蚀的关键因素Cl成分,阐述了生物质循环流化床锅炉发生腐蚀现象的机理,根据工程实践,指出了实际锅炉发生腐蚀的现象及工程应对方法,并提出防止腐蚀可以在生物质燃料预处理、炉膛密相区附近增加二次风管、改变过热器受热面布置方式、加入特定成分添加剂以及受热面材质选择等方面进行突破,以期为生物质循环流化床锅炉的高可靠性运行提供指导。

关键词: 生物质燃料, 流化床, 燃烧, Cl挥发, 腐蚀

Abstract:

Biomass fuel has the characteristics of high moisture, volatile, alkali metal content and low calorific value, which makes it more suitable for fluidized bed combustion. However, the alkali metal and Cl elements volatilized in the combustion process will threaten the safe and economic operation of fluidized bed boiler at a certain temperature. For example, the volatilization of Cl element is easy to lead to the corrosion of heating surface. The corrosion types can be divided into gas phase corrosion, liquid phase corrosion and solid phase corrosion. The corrosion degree is mainly affected by fuel composition and temperature. Through literature reading, this paper expounded the mechanism of corrosion of biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler, pointed out the corrosion phenomenon of actual boiler and engineering countermeasures according to engineering practice, and summarized that the prevention of corrosion could mabe breakthroughs in biomass fuel pretreatment, increasing secondary air ducts near the dense phase zone of the furnace, changing the layout of the superheater heating surface, adding specific additives and selecting the material of the heating surface. The conclusions were expected to provide guidance for the high reliability operation of biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Key words: biomass fuel, fluidized bed, combustion, Cl volatile, corrosion

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