甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其阻燃性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2021.02.008

生物质化学工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 50-54.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2021.02.008

甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其阻燃性能

于泽, 李旭, 王佳楠, 刘志明()

东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2020-09-03 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-03-23
通讯作者: 刘志明 E-mail:zhimingliuwhy@126.com
作者简介:刘志明, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究领域为生物质材料化学、纤维素气凝胶和纳米纤维素、木质素及其复合功能材料; E-mail: zhimingliuwhy@126.com
于泽(1996-), 男, 黑龙江哈尔滨人, 硕士生, 主要从事生物质复合材料研究工作
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD0601004);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2572017EB05);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2572017AB23)

Preparation and Flame Retardant Properties of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate/Sodium Lignosulfonate Polyurethane Foam

Ze YU, Xu LI, Jianan WANG, Zhiming LIU()

College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2020-09-03 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-03-23
Contact: Zhiming LIU E-mail:zhimingliuwhy@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用木质素磺酸钠（SLS）替代部分聚醚多元醇，同时将甲基膦酸二甲酯（DMMP）作为添加型阻燃剂，采用"一步发泡法"制备出甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫材料（DMMP/SLS/PUF），通过极限氧指数（LOI）测试对其阻燃性能进行分析，探究了SLS替代率及DMMP添加量对材料阻燃性能的影响。并利用锥形量热（CONE）仪和扫描电镜对材料的燃烧行为、残炭量和残炭形貌进行分析。测试结果表明：当SLS替代率为80%时，材料80% SLS/PUF的阻燃性能最好，LOI值达到了24.5%。在该替代率的基础上，DMMP添加量为30%时，材料30% DMMP/80% SLS/PUF的LOI值达到了27.3%。与PUF相比，SLS和DMMP加入使得30% DMMP/80% SLS/PUF的热释放速率由245.2 kW/m²（PUF）降到了166.8 kW/m²、总热释放量和总烟释放量降低到12.1 MJ/m²和3.4 m²，分别降低了0.2 MJ/m²和0.4 m²。同时阻燃剂的加入使材料的残炭量由20.3%提高到了37.3%，促进了材料的成炭，并且炭层表面连续、致密且较光滑，使得材料具有良好的阻燃性能。

关键词: 聚氨酯泡沫, 甲基膦酸二甲酯, 木质素磺酸钠, 阻燃性能, 燃烧行为

Abstract:

Sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) was used to replace part of polyether polyol, and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) was used as additive flame retardant, then the sodium lignosulfonate polyurethane foam (SLS/PUF) was prepared by one-step foaming method.The flame retardant properties of the materials were analyzed by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, and the influence of SLS substitution amount and DMMP addition amount on the material properties were explored. The burning behavior was studied by using the cone calorimeter (CONE). The test results showed that the flame-retardant SLS/PUF material had the best flame-retardant performance when the SLS substitution rate was 80%, and the LOI value reached 24.5%. On the basis of this replacement rate, when the addition amount of DMMP was 30%, the LOI value of the flame-retardant PUF material reaches 27.3%. Compared with pure PUF materials, the addition of SLS and DMMP reduced the heat release rate from 245.2 kW/m² to 166.8 kW/m², and the total heat release and total smoke release also reduced by 0.2 MJ/m² and 0.4 m² and reached 12.1 MJ/m² and 3.4 m². At the same time, the residual carbon content of the flame retardant added material was increased from 20.3% to 37.3%, which promoted the carbon formation of the material and made the SLS/PUF material have good flame retardant properties.

Key words: polyurethane foam, dimethyl methylphosphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, flame retardant, burning behavior

中图分类号:

TQ35

于泽, 李旭, 王佳楠, 刘志明. 甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其阻燃性能[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2021, 55(2): 50-54.

Ze YU, Xu LI, Jianan WANG, Zhiming LIU. Preparation and Flame Retardant Properties of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate/Sodium Lignosulfonate Polyurethane Foam[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2021, 55(2): 50-54.

图/表 5

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图3

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样品 samples	木质素磺酸钠/g SLS	聚醚多元醇/g polyether polyol	聚合异氰酸酯/g MDI
PUF	0	50	57.5
20%SLS/PUF	10	40	57.5
40%SLS/PUF	20	30	57.5
60%SLS/PUF	30	20	57.5
80%SLS/PUF	40	10	57.5

样品 samples	点燃时间 TTI/s	第一个峰the first peak		第二个峰the second peak		总热释放量/ (MJ·m^-2) THR	总烟释放量/m² TSP	残炭量/% char residues
样品 samples	点燃时间 TTI/s	峰值热释放速率 heat release rate	峰值时间/s time	峰值热释放速率 heat release rate	峰值时间/s time	总热释放量/ (MJ·m^-2) THR	总烟释放量/m² TSP	残炭量/% char residues
PUF	3	245.2	25	-	-	12.3	3.8	20.3
80% SLS/PUF	2	123.6	36	118.2	84	12.5	4.0	36.2
30% DMMP/80% SLS/PUF	2	166.8	11	-	-	12.1	3.4	37.3

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甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其阻燃性能

Preparation and Flame Retardant Properties of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate/Sodium Lignosulfonate Polyurethane Foam

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