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30 March 2008, Volume 42 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Research Progress of Hybrid Adhesive Based on Soy Protein PANG Jiu-yin;DONG Li-na;ZHANG Shi-cheng 2008, 42 (2):  41-44.  Abstract ( 871 )   PDF (782KB) ( 1076 )   Save The preparation method of hybrid adhesive of acrylate and soy protein at home and abroad was reviewed. The major topic concerns the preparation, surface modification and application of the hybrid adhesive based on acrylate and soy protein,the hybrid adhesive based on soy protein and PF or UF. In order to get well-structured particles, surface modification of soy-protein is very important by using modifiers such as siloxane and azo compounds through the coupling modifying reaction. The application of the hybrid adhesive in the field of paints, adhesive, paper was discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Preparation of Phenol-formaldehyde Resin Adhesive from Bamboo Tar Substituted Phenol ZHOU Jian-bin;ZHANG He-ling;DENG Cong-jing;ZHANG Qi-sheng 2008, 42 (2):  8-10.  Abstract ( 709 )   PDF (764KB) ( 1203 )   Save The technique for preparing phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive from bamboo tar and its characters were studied and analyzed. The experiment showed that the substituted content of the bamboo tar affected greatly the nature of the adhesive. When the addition of bamboo tar was 30g,and the substituted content of bamboo tar reached 12.5%, free formaldehyde was lower than 0.5%, the PF adhesive with moderate viscosity had high bonding strength, and the bonding strength could achieve the demands of GB/T 9846-2004.The cost of the adhesive is lowered for the using of bamboo tar, and the adhesive had a good prospect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Status and Development of Standard Test Methods of Oxidation Stability for Biodiesel Blend Fuels LIN Jian-min;ZHANG Yong-guang;LI Shuai 2008, 42 (2):  33-40.  Abstract ( 948 )   PDF (975KB) ( 2417 )   Save Oxidation stability is one of the most important properties of biodiesel blend fuels. Various standard test methods to evaluate the oxidation stability of biodiesel blend fuels were presented and compared in this paper. It is indicated that the accele-rated oxidation method of distillate fuel oil (ASTM D 2274 or SH/T 0175) and oil stability index (OSI) method (EN 14112) were two widely accepted standard methods which might be specified in a variety of biodiesel blend fuel specifications. Other standard methods such as distillate fuel storage at 43℃ method (SH/T 0690 or ASTM D 4625), high temperature stability method (ASTM D 6468), JFTOT method(GB/T 9169 or ASTM D 3241)and gasoline induction period method (GB/T 8018 or ASTM D 525)could also be useful methods to study the oxidation stability of biodiesel blend fuels. Suggestions are given to specify the oxidation stability of the coming draft national specifications of B5,B10 and B20 as well. Related Articles | Metrics

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Conversion Technology and Utilization of Biomass Energy(Ⅵ) ——Technology and Equipment for Biomass Power Generation LIU Bao-liang;JIANG Jian-chun 2008, 42 (2):  55-60.  Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 1265 )   Save Biomass is the sole renewable carbon resource that can be transferred into gas, liquid, and solid fuels as well as other chemicals. As the fossil energy will be exhaustive, human pay more attention to the problem of global environment. Many scholars and researchers in the world have been focusing on the research and development of biomass energy to substitute for fossil energy. The clean and high quality gases, liquid and solid fuels converted from renewable biomass resource by different ways were described in the course series. In this paper the development of biomass power generation at home and abroad, and the plan of some countries are introduced. The main technologies of biomass power generation have three types: direct combustion power generation, biomass gasification for power generation and power generation by methane. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Kinetic and the Thermodynamic Parameters for Adsorption of Phenol by Bamboo-charcoal ZHANG Qi-wei;WANG Gui-xian 2008, 42 (2):  19-22.  Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (795KB) ( 1158 )   Save The kinetic and the thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of phenol in aqueous solution by bamboo-charcoal were studied. Researches of kinetics showed that adsorption of phenol by bamboo-charcoal can be dealt with pseudo first-order reaction. The apparent adsorption rate constants and activation energy were determined with different sizes of charcoal and at different temperatures. Researches of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption behavior of the bamboo-charcoal for phenol obeys the Langmuir isotherm model. The heat of adsorption is ΔH=-14.0kJ/mol, it means that the sorption process is a exothermic process, and ΔH<40kJ/mol means that the sorption process is mostly physical adsorption. At the same time, Gibbs free energy ΔG<0 indicates that the sorption process is a spontaneous process. Related Articles | Metrics

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GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Oil from Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. Leaves by Steam Distillation and Cyclohexane Collection CHEN Cong-jin;HUANG Ke-ying 2008, 42 (2):  27-29.  Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (804KB) ( 939 )   Save The volatile oil of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.)Roem. leaves was extracted by steam distillation and cyclohexane collection. It was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Fifty-one kinds of compounds,whose relative contents were 76.313%, were separated and identified. The main components were caryophyllene 14.752%, caryophyllene oxide 9.218%, linalool 6.266%, eudesma-4 (14), 11-diene 5.916%, palmitoleic acid5.585%, phytol 4.140%, borneol 3.796%, isoborneol 2.671%, and 2-methyl-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-propionaldehyde 2.427%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Techniques LIAO Yi-qiang;HUANG Biao;LU Ze-jian 2008, 42 (2):  50-54.  Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (830KB) ( 1231 )   Save High effective utilization and development of biomass have positive effects on solving energy and environment problems. In this paper, the progress of research and the main ways of biomass thermochemical conversion at home and abroad are summarized. The conversion techniques can help us to obtain valuable chemical products and reduce the influence of energy crisis produced by the increasing shortage of fossil fuels. According our country's situation, the paper puts forward proposals that the fast pyrolysis of biomass is the main research direction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Carboxylmethylcellulose Gel Beads and Their Performance on Slow Release of Fertilizer LV Jin-hong;LI Jian-fa 2008, 42 (2):  15-18.  Abstract ( 787 )   PDF (916KB) ( 1285 )   Save The preparation of carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) gel beads was studied by using the water loss ratio to reflect the crosslinking progress. The results indicated that, the rate of water loss was quicker and the ratio of water loss higher following the increase of concentration of Fe3+ as the crosslinking agent. Following the increase of content of CMC in the solution for preparing gel beads, the ratio of water loss was lower. The water in CMC gel beads was mainly in a bonding status through analyzing the freezing process of gels with DSC method, and the longer the crosslinking time for preparing the gels, the lower the content of water in gels. The potassium nitrate was used as the model compound of fertilizer in release experiments. The results showed an apparently slow release when the loading amount of potassium nitrate in gel was 5.0%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Property Analysis and Production Test of Starch-based API Adhesive SHI Jun-you;GU Ji-you;TU Huai-gang;WANG Shu-min 2008, 42 (2):  1-7.  Abstract ( 717 )   PDF (1031KB) ( 1160 )   Save The production test on the optimum formulation and technology of typeⅠ、Ⅱstarch-based API optimized by orthogonal test and validating test is conducted and the main properties of the API are tested according to JISK 6806 standard requirement. The results show that the pot life of starch-based API exceeds that of synthesized resin-based API and storage stability reaches 3 months at room temperature. The glued-products such as plywood, bamboo flooring, parquet flooring, blackboard and etc. are manufactured respectively by adopting starch-based API adhesive. Indices of physical and chemical properties reach completely relevant standard requirement and no deleterious matter as formaldehyde is released. Such adhesive has obvious operability in production and meets completely requirement for existing technology. Its raw materials cost is equivalent to 1/4-1/3 of imported adhesive. So it has obvious social environment benefits and economical benefits. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Research on Structure and Properties of Biomass Charcoal Composite ZHUANG Xiao-wei;LIU Zhi-kun;CHEN Shun-wei;YE Li-jia 2008, 42 (2):  45-49.  Abstract ( 700 )   PDF (822KB) ( 1310 )   Save New biomass charcoal composite has vast prospect with its low price, reasonable cost and special properties. The status of biomass resources was summarized. The special property and the research status of bamboo-charcoal were reviewed. The research status and development trend of structure and properties of cellular solids and biomass charcoal composite were emphatically analyzed. The inadequacies of biomass charcoal composite also were discussed. Current trends of development on cellular solids and biomass charcoal composite were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Synthesis of Cardanol Modified PF Resin HU Li-hong;LI Shu-long;LIU Xin;LIU Hong-jun;ZHOU Yong-hong 2008, 42 (2):  11-14.  Abstract ( 880 )   PDF (852KB) ( 2255 )   Save Cardanol modified phenolic formaldehyde resin was synthesized by using phenol 100 phr, cardanol 40 phr and adding an additive agent. The suitable synthetic conditions were as follows: molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde was 1:0.85, phenol 100 phr, cardanol, additive agent and HCl were 40 phr, 7 phr and 1.3-1.9 phr respectively, pH value 1.5-2.0, reaction time 3.5-4h, discharge temperature 180-190℃, and dark red solid resin was obtained, reaction yield was 66.9%. The properties of the resin were softening point 84-92℃, mobility length 2.5-4.9cm, gelling rate 60-90s, viscosity 14-16 mPa·s, 25℃. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Volatile Oil from Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry YANG Xiao-dong;XIAO Shan-mei;XU You-sheng;HAN Zheng;WU Yong-jiang 2008, 42 (2):  23-26.  Abstract ( 453 )   PDF (790KB) ( 1031 )   Save The volatile oil from Vaccinium bracteatum Thumb. leaves was analyzed by GC-MS. 65 peaks were separated and 49 compounds were identified, which represented about 91.94% of the total content. The main chemical constituents were terpenes 54.75%, open chain alkanes 6.93%, cycloparaffins 20.13%, olefins 0.60%, aromatics 1.60%, phenol, ether and alcohol 3.39%, aldehyde and ketone 2.14%, ester 1.15%, heterocyclic compounds 0.47% and amines 0.78%. Nerolidol 20.01%, (Z,Z,Z)-1,5,9,9-tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene 17.99% and caryophyllene 9.59% were the main components in the identified terpenes. 12 kinds of industrial production flavors were found from volatile oil in Vaccinium bracteatum leaves, and five components have insecticide and antibacterial activity. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Adsorption of Methylene Blue in Solution with Epichlorohydrin Modified Peanut Shell LI Shan;ZHANG Li-na;FAN Jun 2008, 42 (2):  30-32.  Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (764KB) ( 969 )   Save An absorbent was prepared from peanut shell by epichlorohydrin modification. Its adsorption performance for methy-lene blue in solution was also studied. The results indicate: the modified peanut shell was obtained by using 1.25 mol/L NaOH solution 45 mL and epichlorohydrin 25mL to modify 2.0g peanuts shell, controlling reaction temperature at 40℃, mixing time for 30min,filtering, water washing and drying. The optimal adsorption condition of modified peanut shell to methylene blue was: 50 mL of 100 mg/L methylene blue solution, 0.2g modified peanut shell, pH value 6.48, stirring time 60min. The adsorption rate of modified peanut shell was 99%. The used peanut shell could be regenerated by 0.5 mol/L NaOH solution. The adsorption rate of regenerated peanut shell after being used three times was over 96%. The adsorption rate of unmodified peanut shell to methylene blue was only 82%. Related Articles | Metrics