Table of Content

30 May 2008, Volume 42 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Study on Preparation of Combustible Charcoal from Straw Charcoal ZHOU Jian-bin;DENG Cong-jing;ZHANG Qi-sheng 2008, 42 (3):  13-16.  Abstract ( 772 )   PDF (1030KB) ( 1117 )   Save Combustible charcoal was prepared from straw charcoal. The effects of proportion and molding way on the properties of combustible charcoal were studied. The combustible charcoal was made under the conditions which straw charcoal and ignition agent were mixed together to form the block with the ratio of 4:3. The results showed that combustion heat was 21 289.76 J/g and 24 g combustible charcoal could burn for 13 min 55 s, spark could last for 113 min, combustion residue was 13.19%. By application of combustible charcoal 24 g to treat distilled water 50 mL, distilled water was boiled continuously for17 min and the temperature of water was keeping between 60-80℃ over 90 min. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Separation and Purification of Flavonoids from Walnut Peel with Macroporous Resin ZHAI Mei-zhi;GUO Qi;JIA Cai-xia;ZHANG Xin-hua 2008, 42 (3):  21-25.  Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (973KB) ( 1355 )   Save A method for separation and purification of flavonoids from walnut peel with macroporous resin was studied with the recovery rate of flavonoids as indexes. The results are as flollows: among six types of macroporous adsorption resin choosed, type macroporous resin D101 is the best for separation and purification. The optimum process condition was the loaded amount of flavonoids to dry resin: 1:12, the sample concentration:3.0875-6.175 g/L, pH:5. After eluted with 6BV of distilled water and 5BV of 70% ethanol, the yield of flavonoids was above 60% and product purity was above 80%. The process is simple and the flavonoids of walnut peel can be separated and purified effectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on Separation and Application of Pimaric-type Resin Acids LI Xing-di;ZHAO Zhen-dong;CHEN Yu-xiang;GU Yan;BI Liang-wu 2008, 42 (3):  51-54.  Abstract ( 669 )   PDF (840KB) ( 1468 )   Save This paper reviewed the major isolating and preparing methods of pimaric-type resin acids from rosin, including alkaline metal salt precipitation, direct and indirect organic amine salt precipitation, in which the amine salt precipitation is more usable than the alkaline metal salt precipitation. It also reviewed the research progress on the application of pimaric-type resin acids in biological activities, materials and organic synthesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Waterborne Curing Agents for Epoxy Resin LI Mei;HUANG Kun;XIA Jian-ling; 2008, 42 (3):  45-50.  Abstract ( 793 )   PDF (980KB) ( 1314 )   Save The waterborne epoxy coating is an environmental friendly polymer with low organic solvent content, less smell, che-mical-resistance and high insulation and so on. It can be applied in many areas. Waterborne epoxy coating system and several noval waterborne epoxy systems were briefly introduced, and the domestic and international progress of the first generation and the second generation waterborne epoxy curing agent was reviewed. The development trend of waterborne epoxy curing agent was also finally indicated in the paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Conversion Technology and Utilization of Biomass Energy(Ⅶ)——Technology and Utilization of Making Ethanol from Plant Material by Hydrolysis WEI Min;LIU Tian-cheng;JIANG Jian-chun 2008, 42 (3):  64-70.  Abstract ( 601 )   PDF (1096KB) ( 1487 )   Save Biomass is the sole renewable carbon resource that can be transferred into gas, liquid and solid fuels as well as other chemicals.As the fossil energy will be exhaustive,humans pay more attention to the problems of global environment.Many scholars and researchers in the world have been focusing on the research and development of biomass energy to substitute for fossil energy.The clean and high quality gas,liquid or solid fuels converted from renewable biomass resources by different ways were described in the course series.The paper summarized the research progress of the pretreatment technology of lignocellulose biomass and acid hydrolysis technology. The merits and shortcomings of some technology were discussed.The future research trend in pretreatment and acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass was presented. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Hydrogen Production by Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass HUANG Guo-sheng;CHEN Ming-qiang;WANG Jun;CHEN Ming-gong;YU Zong-bao 2008, 42 (3):  39-44.  Abstract ( 868 )   PDF (909KB) ( 1494 )   Save Hydrogen is a kind of ideal clean energy sources. Considering from energy source point of view and environment point of view, it is very important to develop technology of hydrogen production from biomass. Technology of hydrogen production from biomass mainly includes thermochemical and biological process. In the former process, biomass was gasified or liquefied, then reformed and shift reacted by water vapor to produce hydrogen. The research progress in the technology of hydrogen production from biomass by thermochemical conversion(including gasification, gasification in supercritical water; pyrolysis) was summarized in this paper and the typical technique for hydrogen production from biomass was also commented and viewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Enrichment of Azadirachtin by Multi-solvent Partition TAN Wei-hong;SONG Zhan-qian 2008, 42 (3):  5-8.  Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (942KB) ( 1315 )   Save Methods of enrichment of azadirachtin by solvent and multi-solvent partition were studied, The optimized condition of multi-solvent partition of azadirachtin obtained by orthogonal tests was: solvent: dichloromethane: ethyl acetate(1:5,V:V), separatory liquid: acetone:water(1:1), solvent:separatory liquid(10:3). Multi-solvent partition was found to be able to enhance the content of azadirachtin in ethanol extract from 3.68%-17.76%. It is a simple and efficient method to enrich azadirachtin in its extracts. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Improving the Extraction Yield for Camptothecin by Reconstruction of Refiner SUN Yu;FANG Gui-gan;WANG Cheng-zhang;SHI Ying-qiao 2008, 42 (3):  17-20.  Abstract ( 623 )   PDF (1126KB) ( 1021 )   Save In this research refiner is used to extract camptothecin(CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT) from the fruits of Camptotheca acuminata. The refiner has been reconstructed, adding mid-level concentration feeding pump, the rotate speed of principal axis has been increased to 5000 r/min from 1850 r/min. The contents of camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin are determined by HPLC. It can be seen that the extraction ratio of camptothecin has been increased by 14.81%-35.29% and that of 10-hydroxycamptothecin has been increased by 24.00%-44.44%. The yield of CPT is 0.06% and the yield of HCPT is 0.04%. The results of orthogonal test show that the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide solution has a significant effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Development Models for the Utilization of Rural Biomass Energy HU Qi-chun 2008, 42 (3):  26-30.  Abstract ( 780 )   PDF (859KB) ( 1692 )   Save Main rural biomass development models including household biomass recycle-utilization model, distributed generation model and commercial bio-fuel product model in China were surveyed and presented. Their characteristics and key barriers were also analyzed. Some suggestions for how to develope biomass energy and how to promote its industrialization were made in the paper. 1) Based on the understanding of no competition with food production and development of recycle agriculture, the technology of biomass energy utilizing agriculture waste should be in the front rank. 2) As development strategy from easy to difficult, the start up of developing energy crops should base on present modern agriculture activities, meanwhile utilizing some traditional crops with high production rate as sources. 3) The adoption of development modes should be depending on local climate, cultivated way, economical development level; and focusing on the supplementation between multiple renewable energy resources. 4) The technologies of biomass energy were formed by different technology sources with their innovation and collaboration, therefore the high & new technologies should be applied and the technology import should be emphasized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sources and Application in Fine Chemistry of Phellandrene JIAO Yan;ZHU Yue-lin;FENG Li-li;XIONG Chang-jian 2008, 42 (3):  59-63.  Abstract ( 891 )   PDF (956KB) ( 2205 )   Save The possible sources of phellandrene from natural plants and chemical synthesis, the structural characteristic,the physical and chemical properties of phellandrene were introduced in this paper. The application development of phellandrene in fine chemistry was also discussed from four aspects, which were synthetic perfumes, bioactive substances, pharmacological active substances, as well as functional materials. Its fine chemical applications in nowadays and further were also analyzed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on the Determination of Natural Polyphenols by Spectrophotometric Analysis SUN Hong;ZHANG Ze 2008, 42 (3):  55-58.  Abstract ( 663 )   PDF (830KB) ( 3065 )   Save Recent studies on the determination of natural polyphenols by spectrophotometric analysis are introduced. The methods of the determination of natural polyphenols are classified by chemical reactions. The applications of the determination of natural polyphenols by spectrophotometric analysis are reviewed. The principles of the determination are discussed,for example, the complex reaction, the oxidated and reductive reaction, the nucleophilic addition reaction and the diazonium-coupled reaction. Some problems are presented. The future main research directions are suggested. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Characterization of Allyl Ester of Dehydroabietic Acid WANG Ji-fu;LIN Ming-tao;CHU Fu-xiang;WANG Chun-peng;LIU Mei-hong; 2008, 42 (3):  1-4.  Abstract ( 586 )   PDF (1101KB) ( 1391 )   Save Allyl ester of dehydroabietic acid was synthesized by reacting the dehydroabietic chloride with allyl alcohol and characterized by FT-IR, GC-MS, 13C NMR and DSC. The results showed that allyl ester of dehydroabietic acid can be polymerized in the presence of initiator. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on Isolation Methods of Dehydroabietic Acid CHEN Zu-fen;ZHU Yuan-jiao;CHEN Xiao-peng;ZHONG Hua;LIU Yan 2008, 42 (3):  9-12.  Abstract ( 741 )   PDF (962KB) ( 1390 )   Save The comparison of isolation methods of dehydroabietic acid was carried out, using disproportionated rosin as raw material by GC method. Dehydroabietic acid was isolated from disproportionated rosin by methods of amination, saponification and aminating reaction-crystallization enhanced with ultrasonic wave, respectively. The isolating dehydroabietic acid from diffe-rent kinds of disproportionated rosins has been investigated. The results showed that the method of aminating reaction-crystallization enhanced with ultrasonic wave was the best to isolate the dehydroabietic acid from the self-made disproportionated rosin at the temperature of 40℃. The purity of dehydroabietic acid prepared was 99.99%. The yield of dehydroabietic acid was 55.37%. The high purity dehydroabietic acid prepared has been analyzed and confirmed by using GC, UV, IR, melting point instrument and polarimeter as well. The results are in agreement with the values in literature. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of the Effective Component and Applications of Extracts from Bamboo Leaves HE Yue-jun;YUE Yong-de 2008, 42 (3):  31-38.  Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (1036KB) ( 2919 )   Save The progress of experimental and theoretical work on bamboo leaves extracts was reviewed. Recently,some effective components were found in extracts of bamboo leaves,including flavonoids,polysaccharides,mineral elements and other components. The technology of extraction and purification of effective components from bamboo leaves were introduced. The biological activities of bamboo leaves extracts including antibacterial properties, antioxidant function and pesticidal function were highlighted. Some tentative conclusions are made about future short-term trends. Related Articles | Metrics