Table of Content

30 January 2008, Volume 42 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Research Progress on Chemical Components and Action Mechanism of Unripe Husks of Juglans Linn. WANG Hai-xiang;SHEN Zhao-jing;DU Yan-li;WANG You-nian;SHI Guang-lu 2008, 42 (1):  47-52.  Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (922KB) ( 1812 )   Save In this paper, the chemical components, toxicity and the action mechanism,as well as the preparation of active substances from unripe husks of Juglans were reviewed. The action of biological active substances and prospect of application in medicine and pesticide were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Conversion Technology and Utilization of Biomass Energy(Ⅴ) ——The Industrialized Preparation Technology of Biodiesel NIE Xiao-an;JIANG Jian-chun 2008, 42 (1):  58-62.  Abstract ( 823 )   PDF (941KB) ( 1759 )   Save Biomass is the sole renewable carbon resource that can be transferred into gas, liquid and solid fuels as well as other chemicals. As the fossil energy will be exhaustive, humans pay more attention to the problems of global environment. Many scholars and researchers in the world have been focusing on the research and development of biomass energy to substitute for fossil energy. The clean and high quality gas,liquid or solid fuels converted from renewable biomass resources by different ways were described in the course series.The present situation of industrialized development of biodiesel was summarized in the paper.The reason why the industrialized technology of biodiesel was developed slowly was analyzed. Some common preparation methods of biodiesel and their characterizations were introduced. The industrialized development prospect of biodiesel was predicted. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in the Characteristics and Application of the Bio-oil WANG Feng-chan;WANG Jun;CHEN Ming-gong;ZHANG Xue-cai;SHAO Qun;CHEN Ming-qiang 2008, 42 (1):  34-40.  Abstract ( 821 )   PDF (924KB) ( 2103 )   Save Biomass is a new and renewable energy. Bio-oil from pyrolysis of biomass can be readily stored and transported. Bio-oil can also be used for production of chemicals. The physicochemical properties and composition of the bio-oil were discussed in this paper. Recent researches on utilization and modification technology for bio-oil were summarized. The main problems on research of bio-oil and future development direction have been introduced. It is proposed that research on reaction mechanism, catalyst development and combination of energy utilization and chemical production are the main directions in the research field of bio-oil modification technology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Nano K2CO3/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst and Its Application for Synthesis of Biodiesel from Rapeseed Oil HU Sheng-yang;WANG Yun;HAN He-you;WEN Li-bo 2008, 42 (1):  6-10.  Abstract ( 778 )   PDF (1043KB) ( 1367 )   Save The nano K2CO3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by isochoric impregnation,and the effects of preparation conditions of catalyst on transesterification were studied. The thermal properties and the size of catalyst were characterized by TEM and TG-DSC. Results of TEM showed that the size of catalyst was 30-50nm.The optimal conditions to prepare catalyst were as follows: mass ratio of K2CO3 to γ-Al2O3 was 50%, calcination temperature was 600℃, calcination time was 4h. The best conditions to prepare biodiesel as follows: the m(methanol) to m(oil )was 12:1, m(catalyst) in oil was 3%, the reaction time was 3h, the reaction temperature was 70℃, and the final yield could reach 97.90%. Quality specifications of biodiesel are accord with the national standard. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Supported Solid Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production ZHOU Jing;NIE Xiao-an;DAI Wei-di 2008, 42 (1):  41-46.  Abstract ( 749 )   PDF (1017KB) ( 1695 )   Save For the advantages of non-corrosion, easy separation, non-polluting environment, wide adaptability to different raw materials, supported solid acid catalysts have been preferred as green catalysts in biodiesel production. The reaction mechanism, production technique, research methodology and structure characterizations of supported solid acid catalysts were reviewed in this paper. The relationship between the structure of supported solid acid catalysts and their catalytic activities in tranesterification of oil was analyzed. The applications of supported solid acid catalysts in biodiesel production were prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Study on Hydrolysis of Microcrystalline Cellulose in Formic Acid System SUN Yong;LIN Lu;DENG Hai-bo;PENG Hong;LI Jia-zhe 2008, 42 (1):  22-26.  Abstract ( 693 )   PDF (940KB) ( 931 )   Save The hydrolysis kinetics of microcrystalline cellulose in formic acid system was studied. The effects of mass fraction of hydrochloric acid, dosage of MCC, temperature (55-75℃) and time (0-9h) were discussed. The degradation of glucose was also studied. The result indicated that the degradation of glucose was a fast reaction and the velocities of MCC hydrolysis were 6.34×10-3 h-1 at 55℃, 2.94×10-2 h-1 at 65℃, 6.84×10-2 h-1 at 75℃. The velocities of glucose degradation were 0.01h-1 at 55℃, 0.14h-1 at 65℃, 0.34h-1 at 75℃. The apparent activation energy of MCC hydrolysis was 105.61kJ/mol and the apparent activation energy of glucose degradation was 131.370kJ/mol. Related Articles | Metrics

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Quantitative Analysis of α-Pinene, β-Pinene, p-Cymene and Longifolene by Internal Standard Method XU Xu;WANG Lin-lin;CHEN Xiao-peng;ZHOU Hui-fen;QIN Ying-su 2008, 42 (1):  31-33.  Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (876KB) ( 1298 )   Save A method was introduced for quantitative analysis of α-pinene, β-pinene, p-cymene and longifolene by 1102-Gas Chromatograph with the n-dodecane as internal standard. The optimal conditions for GC analysis were confirmed and the relative mass correction factors and the linear correlation coefficients of α-pinene, β-pinene, p-cymene and longifolene were determined. Internal standard method and area nomalization method were used to determine the sample, respectively and the result showed that the relative error was less than 2.33%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Collagen Immobilized Zr(Ⅳ) Affinity Adsorbent and Its Adsorption for Bovine Serum Albumin WU Hui;ZHANG Mi-na;JIANG Su-jie;LIAO Xue-pin;SHI Bi 2008, 42 (1):  17-21.  Abstract ( 697 )   PDF (1001KB) ( 1343 )   Save An novel affinity adsorbent(Col-Zr) was prepared by immobilizing Zr(Ⅳ) onto collagen and its adsorption behaviors for proteins were studied by using bovine serum albumin as model. It was found that the Zr(Ⅳ) in the adsorbent can withstand the extraction of water in the pH value range of 3.0-10.0 when the immobilized amount was 100mg Zr(Ⅳ)/g collagen. The adsorption capacity of BSA on Col-Zr was significantly affected by pH value of solution. The adsorption capacity arrived 550mg/g at optimal pH value (pH=5.0) when the initial concentration of BSA was 2.0g/L. Adsorption capacity increased with the rise of temperature, implying that chemical reaction is included in the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherms can be well described by the Langmuir equation. The adsorption rate data can be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order rate model, and the adsorption capacity calculated by the model is consistent with that of actual measurement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Determination Methods of Camphor Content in Synthetic Camphor ZHAO Zhen-dong;LI Dong-mei;BI Liang-wu;WANG Jing;GU Yan;LIU Xian-zhang 2008, 42 (1):  1-5.  Abstract ( 813 )   PDF (875KB) ( 1916 )   Save The content of 2-camphanone in synthetic camphor was determined by GC method, and at the same time the content of total ketones in the synthetic camphor was determined by chemical method. The results showed that the content of 2-camphanone by GC area normalization method was accordant with the content of total ketones by chemical method in numerical value after the content difference comparison of these two methods. They were suitable to synthetic camphor products in different grades of quality mentioned in the national standard GB/T 4895-2007. GC method could shorten the analysis time with good accuracy and reliability, so it is used in the national standard GB/T 4895-2007 《synthetic camphor》 as the technical requirement for synthe-tic camphor content, which has been published on Mar 5, 2007 and will be executed from September 1, 2007. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Characterization of PSF-cellulose Composite Ultra-filtration Membrane ZHANG Li-ping;CHEN Guo-wei;TANG Huan-wei;WANG Si-qun 2008, 42 (1):  11-16.  Abstract ( 756 )   PDF (1450KB) ( 1144 )   Save The composite ultra-filtration membrane with polysulfone(PSF) as main body and micro/nano-crystal cellulose as filling was prepared in phase-inversion process by adding micro/nano-crystal cellulose into the PSF casting solution. Through the orthogonal experiment we get the optimal process conditions: the PSF content(wt) is 18%, the additive content of PVP K30 is 0.3%, the micro/nano-crystal cellulose added is 15% of the PSF mass, the solvent evaporation time in the air is 10 seconds, the coagulation bath medium is water. The properties such as pure water flux, rejection ratio, mean pore size, porosity and tensile strength of the composite membrane were tested. In this condition, the composite membrane's pure water flux can reach 152.72L/(m2·h), the rejection ratio of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution (1g/L) is 93.98%, the porosity is 63.22% and the mean pore size is about 46.03nm. The composite membrane has a good filtration performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of Biomass Briquette Stove LIU Xiao-er;LIU Sheng-yong;CHEN Fang-fang;CHU Xian-zhou;WANG Sen 2008, 42 (1):  27-30.  Abstract ( 802 )   PDF (966KB) ( 1106 )   Save In view of the situation that the thermal efficiency of using stove in general countrysides is low,which is caused by unreasonable design of structure (size),and it can't bank a fire in use process,the biomass briquette stove which had reasonable structure and could bank a fire was designed, according to biomass briquette combustion characteristics and scientific computing. A valid path to use biomass energy in the village region was provided. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Chemical Components and Biological Effects of Horseradish CHEN Hong-xia;WANG Cheng-zhang 2008, 42 (1):  53-57.  Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (971KB) ( 2113 )   Save Horseradish is perennial root herb belonging to Cruciferae and Armoracia. The main components are glucosinolate and its hydrolysis products, which have the function of anticancer, antibacterium,etc. Structural characters of glucosinolate and its hydrolysis products, separation methods, analysis methods and biological effects are reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics