Table of Content

30 November 2011, Volume 45 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

研究报告

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Synthesis and Properties of Rosin-based Dicarboxylic Gemini Surfactant RAO Xiao-ping;SONG Zhan-qian;SHANG Shi-bin; 2011, 45 (6):  1-4.  Abstract ( 1266 )   PDF (948KB) ( 1437 )   Save New dicarboxylic Gemini surfactant Na-DDEDTA was synthesized from dehydroabietylamine and EDTAA. Its structure was characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Its surface properties were investigated. Compared with conventional surfactant Na-DMA, Na-DDEDTA has lower CCMC and surface tension with 0.11 mmol/L and 33.6 mN/m, respectively. They have equivalent emulsification ability,but Na-DDEDTA has lower foam properties than Na-DMA. Rosin-based Gemini surfactant is a good green chemicals. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroabietyl Methacrylate WANG Ji-fu;LIN Ming-tao;WANG Chun-peng;CHU Fu-xiang; 2011, 45 (6):  5-10.  Abstract ( 1328 )   PDF (887KB) ( 1333 )   Save Hydroabietyl methacrylate was synthesized by the reaction of methacrylic chloride with hydroabietyl alcohol under hydroxyl-to-chloride molar ratio of 1∶1 and its stucture was characterized by FT-IR, GC/MS, 13C NMR , and DSC. The results showed that hydroabietyl methacrylate was mainly composed of tetraabietyl methacrylate, dihydroabietyl methacrylate, dehydroabietyl methacrylate, and a small amount of methyl hydroabietate. The total mass fraction of the prepared hydroabietyl methacrylate was 78.76 %. Hydroabietyl methacrylate could polymerize in the present of initiators and exhibited higher polymeric activity than hydroabietyl acrylate. The glass transition temperature of polymer is around -11.32 ℃, which enable hydroabietyl methacrylate to be used as internal plasticizer or reactive tackifying resin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction Process for Wilsoniana Fruit Oil WEN Xiao;MA Ming-you;WU Xian-ming;CHEN Shang;XIAO Zhuo-bing 2011, 45 (6):  11-14.  Abstract ( 1035 )   PDF (829KB) ( 1311 )   Save According to the results the single factor experiments, the optimum conditions for the microwave extraction of wilsoniana fruit oil were determined using an orthogonal L9(34) test design. The results showed that the factors on extraction yield of wilsoniana fruit oil followed the order: different solvents>microwave power>solid to liquid ratio>extraction times. The optimum process conditions for the extraction of wilsoniana fruit oil were: wilsiniana fruit 40 g, petroleum ether as solvent, solid to liquid ratio 1∶3(g∶g), microwave power 800 W, extracting 5 times, 1 min per time. Under the optimum conditions, the wilsoniana fruit oil extraction yield was up to 8.11 %. The process provided a reference for the industrial production of wilsoniana fruit oil. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pilot Test about Continuous Preparation of Biodiesel in Tubular Mixer LI Ke;JIANG Jian-chun;NIE Xiao-an;LI Xiang-yu;ZHANG Tian-jian;CHEN Jie;WU Huan 2011, 45 (6):  15-18.  Abstract ( 978 )   PDF (853KB) ( 1145 )   Save Under the condition of tubular mixer, a continuous process for biodiesel synthesis with butanone as co-solvent was studied in this paper. According to the experimental data and the inherent parameters of equipment, the relationship for the reaction time and feeding flux with conversion rate were deduced. Without any changes made to the equipment, the most effective approach for a more satisfactory conversion rate is to improve solubility and extend of reaction time. The actual relationship between conversion rate and the time is:Y=99.5-157.83591×EXP (-0.60508×(t/8)). It provides a theoretical basis for production, also facilitates the operation process, and reduces the blindness of operation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Rice Straw Activated Carbon by Phosphoric Acid SUN Kang;JIANG Jian-chun;LU Xin-cheng;LIU Xue-mei;LIN Guan-feng 2011, 45 (6):  19-23.  Abstract ( 1488 )   PDF (850KB) ( 1541 )   Save Activated carbons were prepared from rice straw by chemical activation with phosphoric acid. The impact of immersion rate and temperature on activated carbon capability were studied by N2 adsorption, thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that activated carbon can be prepared at the impregnated ratio 3∶1, activation temperature 450 ℃, activation time 60 min. Under this condition, activated carbon has the characters of methylene blue value 215 mg/g,iodine value 855 mg/g,caramel A decolo-rization capacity 110 %,specific surface area 967.72 m2/g, total volume 1.23 cm3/g, mesopores 84.6 %, average pore diameter 4.6 nm. Related Articles | Metrics

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Furfural Residues Properties and Enzymatic Hydrolysis after Alkali Pretreatment GAO Yu-xia;BU Ling-xi;XING Yang;JIANG Jian-xin 2011, 45 (6):  24-30.  Abstract ( 1417 )   PDF (885KB) ( 1665 )   Save After the furfural their residues were pretreated with sodium hydroxide, its composition, crystallinity, surface properties, infrared spectrum and their effects on enzymatic hydrolysis were compared with those without pretreatment. The results showed that the lignin removal proportion increased with the increase of temperature by NaOH pretreated. At 120 ℃, the lignin removal rate was 10.22 %, but it reached 12.6 % for alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreated sample. The enzymatic hydrolysis rate of samples decreased when the pretreated temperature increased. After enzymolysis for 72 h by loading 12 FPU cellulase and 15 IU cellobiase per gram cellulose, the yield of saccharification was 38.6% by pretreatment of NaOH at 120 ℃, which is 21.0 percent point lower than that of raw material. However, by using alkaline hydrogen peroxide as pretreat agent under the conditions of 60 ℃, 6 h, the yield of saccharification was up to 86.6 % after enzymolysis for 72 h, which was 27.0 percent point higher than that of raw material. The FT-IR spectrum of the sample pretreated by NaOH suggested that new ether boned was generated. The crystallinity of pretreated sample was slightly higher and its surface was smoother than that of untreated sample. Related Articles | Metrics

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FT-IR Analyses of Phenol and PEG-400 Liquefied Product of Bamboo and Its Formaldehyde Resin LIU Le-qun;LIU Yang;SUN Feng-wen;WANG Yu-hong 2011, 45 (6):  31-34.  Abstract ( 1127 )   PDF (843KB) ( 1223 )   Save The chemical structure of the liquefied product of bamboo shaving in phenol and PEG-400 solvent catalyzed by acid and the structure of its formaldehyde resin were investigated by FT-IR. The analyses indicated that lignin, cellulose and hemi-cellulose of bamboo were decomposed in different degree by liquefaction. It generated a lot of small molecules. When two liquid reagents were added two different kinds of liquefaction reaction could occur. Related Articles | Metrics

综述评论

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A Review on the Utilization of Straw Ash SUN Yun-juan;JIANG Jian-chun;ZHAO Shu-heng;HU Yi-ming;ZHENG Zhi-feng;YANG Wei-hong 2011, 45 (6):  35-42.  Abstract ( 1191 )   PDF (870KB) ( 1333 )   Save Straw ash, the remains after thermo-chemical progress, is commonly recognized as an increasing economic and environmental burden. With the development of biomass themo-chemical conversion technology, the problem of straw ash utilization becomes more and more obvious. In this paper, the utilization of straw ash in chemical industry, building materials, environmental management and agriculture is discussed. Because of the high SiO2 content, the straw ash can be made many of chemical products. It can be used in the construction industry, as a promising adsorbent for the removal of various pollutants, especially after chemical and physical activation. It be used as fertilizer in agriculture before and after handling because its basic mineral elements are similar to the earth's crust. Based on the peculiarity of straw ash, the future research in these areas is also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biomass Pyrolysis and Its Upgrading Process XU Jun-ming;DAI Wei-di;XU Yu;JIANG Jian-chun; 2011, 45 (6):  43-48.  Abstract ( 1182 )   PDF (853KB) ( 1645 )   Save The recent researches of flash pyrolysis process used in bio-oil production have been reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of equipments used in pyrolysis reaction were analysed. Main existing problems in bio-oil upgrading were discussed. Tthe prospect in this research field was pointed out, too. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Situation of Ionized Wood-based Activated Carbon Fiber LIU Wen-jing;ZHAO Guang-jie 2011, 45 (6):  57-64.  Abstract ( 976 )   PDF (865KB) ( 1197 )   Save To understand the research situation of ionized wood-based activated carbon fiber, in the paper, manufacture, structure, antibacterial activity and environmental performance of ionized wood-based activated carbon fiber (ACF) e.g., viscose rayon-based activated fibers and sisal-based activated fibers, etc are summarized. Structural characteristics e.g., crystal structure, surface oxygen containing functional groups, pore structure and surface morphology are stated. Besides, the problems and suggestions about ionized wood-based ACF are also presented. The focus of the future research is to strengthen the mechanism of wood-based activated carbon fibers loaded different metals, develop the sources of the raw materials and reduce the cost. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Processing Technologies of Reconstituted Tobacco SUN Xian-yu;SUN Bo;LI Dong-ling;ZHANG Zong-he 2011, 45 (6):  49-56.  Abstract ( 798 )   PDF (867KB) ( 2823 )   Save The processing technologies of reconstituted tobacco were reviewed in this paper. The research progress on evolution, chemical composition, qualities increasing and detection technique, as well as reducing tar and dropping harm, felt additives, waste water disposal and other aspects of reconstituted tobacco were discussed, its future application and development have been prospected. Related Articles | Metrics