Table of Content

30 January 2016, Volume 50 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Preparation and Curing Performance of Straw Ethanol Residue-melamine-urea-formaldehyde Resin GAO Shi-shuai, HU Lan-fang, NAN Jing-ya, ZHAO Lin-wu, WANG Chun-peng, CHU Fu-xiang 2016, 50 (1):  1-5.  Abstract ( 534 )   PDF (408KB) ( 694 )   Save The straw ethanol residue-melamine-urea-formaldehyde (ERMUF) resin was prepared with straw ethanol residue(ER), melamine(M), urea(U) and formaldehyde(F). The effects of the contents of ER, M and U on the performance of ERMUF resin and the three-plyboard were studied. The optimal raw material ratios were n(F)/n(U) 1.5, n(M)/n(F) 0.15 and m(ER)/m(ER+U) 0.48. The formaldehyde emission from three-plyboards prepared with the ERMUF resin obtained under these above ratios was 0.24mg/L and met E0 grade. The bonding strength was 1.03MPa and met the requirement of typeⅡplyboard. The curing behavior of ERMUF resins with different curing agents was also investigated. The results showed that the combination of NH4Cl and H3PO4 gave good curing performance and the suitable dosages of additions were 1% NH4Cl and 0.5%H3PO4. The corresponding curing time of ERMUF resin was short (148s), the bonding strength of three-plyboard was srtong(1.09MPa) and the formaldehyde emission was 0.25mg/L. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis, Characterization and Polymerization Property of N-dehydroabietic Acrylamide YANG Yan-ping, SHEN Ming-gui, LIU He, SHANG Shi-bin, SONG Zhan-qian 2016, 50 (1):  6-10.  Abstract ( 490 )   PDF (837KB) ( 646 )   Save N-dehydroabietic acrylamide, a polymerization monomer, was synthesized via amidation reaction of acryloyl chloride and dehydroabietylamine which was synthesized using disproportionated rosin as raw materials. And the product was white solid with liquid chromatographic purity of 97.95% after purification. The structure and performance of N-dehydroabietic acrylamide monomer were characterized by FT-IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, TG, DSC and GPC. The characterization results showed that N-dehydroabietic acrylamide was synthesized successfully. The DSC analysis showed that the thermal polymerization of the single monomer was occurred during 151-196℃, the glass transition temperature of the polymer was 100.34℃and the polymerization temperature could be reduced with the presence of free radical initiator azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN). The TG analysis showed that the thermal decomposition of the polymer occurred at 209-483℃. The Mn of homopolymer of N-dehydroabietic acrylamide polymerization was 4301 and Mw/Mn was 1.56 from the GPC analysis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of Liquefied Polyol from Biogas Residues of Pennisetum giganteum and Its Application in Preparation of Polyurethane YU Zhi-hao, XIAO Zheng, JIA Rui-bo, ZHAO Chao, LIU Bin 2016, 50 (1):  11-16.  Abstract ( 589 )   PDF (1350KB) ( 620 )   Save The biogas residues of Pennisetum giganteum were liquefied into bio-polyol in the mixed solvent of poly-ethyleneglycol (PEG400) and glycerin. The influences of liquefaction conditions on the process of liquefaction were studied. The results indicated that the optimal conditions were mass ratio of PEG400 and glycerin 1.5:1, mass ratio of liquid and solid 2.9:1, mass fraction of sulfuric acid compared to the mixed solvent 5%, liquefaction temperature 160℃ and liquefaction time 1.5h.Under these conditions, the hydroxyl value of the liquefaction product was 498mg/g. The best performance of polyurethane foam was obtained by bio-polyol instead of polyether polyol with the mass ratio of 1:1, and the density and compressive strength were 38.7kg/m3 and 0.21MPa. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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UASB-SBR-Deep Treatment of Wastewater from Wheat Straw CTMP Pulping Process RAN Miao, SHI Ying-qiao, FANG Gui-gan, ZHANG Hua-lan, DING Lai-bao, PAN Ai-xiang 2016, 50 (1):  17-21.  Abstract ( 680 )   PDF (496KB) ( 633 )   Save The wastewater from wheat straw chemithermomechnical pulp (CTMP) pulping process contained high COD, nitrogen and phosphorus. It was treated by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), sequencing batch reactor(SBR) and deep treatment process without adding any nutrient. The results showed that when the influent volume load of UASB anaerobic phase was 6kg/(m3·d), aerobic treatment time was 24h and anoxic minxing time was 25min in the SBR treatment, and the addition of reagent A was 0.15% in deep treatment, the COD, total nitrogen(TN) content, total phosphorus(TP) content and color could reach 71.18mg/L, 5.43mg/L and 33. This treated water met the national discharge standard. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Roystonea regia Shell YANG Xin-zhou 2016, 50 (1):  22-28.  Abstract ( 535 )   PDF (642KB) ( 900 )   Save The adsorption properties of Roystonea regia shell for methylene blue at different conditions were studied. The optimal adsorption conditions were the dosage of Roystonea regia shell 10g/L, PH value 7, adsorption time 30min and temperature 30℃. At this condition, the removal rate of MB was about 96.11%.The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. And the results showed that the adsorption kinetic described by the pseudo-second-order model was more accurate with R2>0.999 1 and values of qe.caland qe.expwere close.The equilibrium isotherms were conducted by using Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption could be well depicted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm(R2>0.995). And the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 17.36mg/g at 303K estimated from the Langmuir model. The Gibbs free energy change(ΔG0), enthalpy change (ΔH0), entropy change (ΔS0) and adsorption potential(E) were calculated.The ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 were negative. This indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous,exothermic and decreasing entropy process. At the same temperature,with the increase of concentration of methylene blue solution, the adsorption potential gradually reduced. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measurement of Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data in Furfural-Cyclohexanol-Camphene Ternary System WANG Kai, CHENG Yi, XU Lan-shu, LI Rui 2016, 50 (1):  29-34.  Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (475KB) ( 623 )   Save A self-made vapor-liquid equilibrium device was used to measure the vapor-liquid equilibrium data of furfural-cyclohexanol, furfural-camphene and furfural-cyclohexanol-camphene at 101.3kPa. The Wilson equation parameters were obtained by the correlation and calculation of the measured data.The calculated data of temperature and the mass fractions of gaseous components of furfural-cyclohexanol and furfural-comphene at 101.3kPa were obtained by Wilson equation and agreed with the industrial data well. The thermodynamic consistency of the two groups binary vapor-liquid equilibrium data were checked with the area integral method. The results met the with requirements. The data of furfural-cyclohexanol-camphene ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium were measured and fitted. The results showed that at 421.5K, the molar fraction of furfural was the maximum and the molar fraction of cyclohexanol was the minimum in the vapor phase, so that furfural and cyclohexanol could be separated at this temperature. And it could be regarded as basic theory for the separation of furfural and cyclohexanol in engineering. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interaction Effect of Isothermal Co-pyrolysis of Coal Coke and Salix psammophila Charcoal blends WU Yan-wei, GAO Xue-yi, WANG Ke-bing, AN Shu-qi 2016, 50 (1):  35-40.  Abstract ( 456 )   PDF (1230KB) ( 667 )   Save Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the interaction effects of isothermal co-pyrolysis of Salix psammophila (Bsl) charcoal and 4 kinds of coal cokes. The isothermal co-pyrolysis temperatures 400, 500 and 600℃ were selected from the temperature-programmed pyrolysis of Shengli lignite (SL) to study the effects of temperature on the co-pyrolysis of Bsl charcoal and SL coal coke. The results showed that the interactions was synergy effect at 400 and 600℃,and the interaction was inhibition effect at 500℃. By analysis, the selected temperature of co-pyrolysis was 600℃. At 600℃, the isothermal co-pyrolysises of Bsl charcoal and coal cokes of different coal types at different blending ratios were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the interactions were inhibition effects for coal cokes with high content of volatilization (Huolinhe lignite and Zhunge'er coal) and synergy effect for coal cokes with medium content of volatilization(Shengli lignite and Baorixile lignite). The interaction effect of coke mixture at different blending ratios had no fixed order for different coal types. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice of Biodiesel Refining Technique YAO Dong-yang 2016, 50 (1):  41-44,56.  Abstract ( 592 )   PDF (621KB) ( 851 )   Save The process and technology parameters of biodiesel refining were studied. From the practice results, after alkali refining processing and washing drying steps, the product quality was better than that in the national standard GB/T 20828-2015 Biodiesel blend stock (BD100) for diesel engine fuels, and the indices were density 877.6kg/m3 (20℃), flash point (closed-cup) 159.0℃, sulfur 0.02mg/kg, acid value 0.22mg/g and water 0.04%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Dolomite on Straw Steam Gasification MA Cheng-rong 2016, 50 (1):  45-49.  Abstract ( 493 )   PDF (437KB) ( 640 )   Save The straw straw gasification was conducted in fixed bed gasifier using straw as raw material, steam as gasification agent and dolomite as catalyst. The effects of the particle size (5-20 mm), bed height (550-1 000 mm) and the calcination of dolomite on the gasification were studied. The results demonstrated that the decrease of particle size, increase of bed height and dosage of dolomite could improve the volume fraction of hydrogen in the produced gases. When the dolomite particle size was 5-10 mm, the dolomite bed height was 1 000 mm and the calcined dolomite content was 100%, the maximal volume fraction of hydrogen could reach 53.18%, the maximal hydrogen yield was 0.92 m3/kg, and the maximal fuel gas yield was 1.72 m3/kg. In addition, the maximal gasification efficiency could be as high as 99.93% and the maximal steam decomposition efficiency was 51.28%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recovery and Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds by Activated Carbon HUANG Li, LIU Shi-cai, ZHU Guang-zhen, YANG Hua 2016, 50 (1):  50-56.  Abstract ( 678 )   PDF (537KB) ( 1177 )   Save The definition,sources,sorts,harmfulness,and regeneration of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were briefly introduced.VOCs meant carbon compounds which could react in atmospheric photochemical reactions, except CO, CO2, H2CO3, metal carbides, metal carbonates and ammonium carbonates. The sources of VOCs were mainly from the petroleum chemical industry as the waste gas mainly produced by fuel vehicles and technological process of organic compounds. They did serious harm to the environment. At present, the main treating technology contained damage and recovery, and the treatment of VOCs using activated carbon was a research hotspot. The adsorptions and recovery of several common organic compounds such as aromatic and fatty hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, ethers and esters on activated carbon were introduced in this review. References | Related Articles | Metrics