Table of Content

30 November 2015, Volume 49 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Preparation and Properties of Thermopalstic Starch Composites Reinforced with Sisal Fiber ZHANG Chuan-wei, LI Fang-yi, LIU Peng, WANG Cheng-zhao, LI Jian-feng, GUO An-fu 2015, 49 (6):  1-5.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.001 Abstract ( 865 )   PDF (1479KB) ( 1005 )   Save In order to further research composition process and the thermal stability of thermoplastic starch composites reinforced with plant fiber, the composites were prepared by reinforcing the thermoplastic starch obtained from corn starch with sisal fiber as skeleton reinforcing agent. The orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation process. DSC, TG/DTG and SEM were used to analyze the thermal stability and the structure of the composites. The results showed that the order of the influences of various factors on the tensile strength of the material was fiber length >fiber content >molding temperature >filler content. And the tensile strength of the material was 4.45MPa, when the fiber length was 15mm, the fiber content was 35g, the molding temperature was 200℃ and the filler content was 5g.The thermal stabilities of thermoplastic starch and sisal fiber composite were analyzed. The results showed that the thermoplastic treatment could increase the melting temperature of starch, benefit for the hydrogen-bonding between starch and the hydroxy of cellulose, and decrease the thermal stability of starch. The thermal degradation process of sisal fiber composites mainly occured in the temperature range 200-400℃. SEM images showed that the composites possessed great foam structure under the optimistic process conditions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on Conversion Process of Furfural Residue for Ethanol Production by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation JI Li, WANG Yong-miao, TANG Yong, LIU Zhi-ping, JIANG Jian-xin 2015, 49 (6):  6-10.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.002 Abstract ( 839 )   PDF (651KB) ( 964 )   Save Furfural residues and washed furfural residues were fermented to produce ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(SSF). The combination factors(substrate mass fraction, dosage of cellulase, yeast and Sapindus saponin) which affected the concentrations of ethanol and byproduct were optimized by the experiment. The yield of ethanol could reach 93.1% of the theoretical yield during SSF under the conditions of 10% substrate concentration of unwashed furfural residue, 12% cellulase, 0.5g/L Sapindus saponin and 7g/L inoculum solution. The glucose of furfural residues(5.5%) were partly converted to ethanol compared with washed furfural residues. The byproducts(lactic acid, glycerol and acetic acid) concentrations of washed furfural residue in SSF were lower than those of unwashed furfural residue. And the addition of Sapindus saponin could inhibit the produce of byproducts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Performance of Hymexazol/Lignin Based Amphoteric Surfactant/Bentonite Slow-release Formulation HOU Lian-xia, LIU Yan-hui, TIAN Jin-ling, LI Run-xue, REN Shi-xue 2015, 49 (6):  11-16.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.003 Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (998KB) ( 987 )   Save Lignin based amphoteric surfactant(dimethyl-butyl-sulfonated lignin ammonium chloride, DBSLAC) was used as modification agent to exchange the metal ions among the layers of sodium-based bentonite to prepare modified bentonite(L-Bt). Acetaniprid was selected as the drug for slow-release and loaded on the modified bentonite by means of adsorption, and the slow-release performance was studied. The structure and basal spacing of modified bentonite were analyzed with by FT-IR and XRD. The results showed that the DBSLAC inserted the interlayer of modified bentonite successfully which caused the increase of interlayer distance.The optimum adsorption conditions for acetaniprid slow-release formulation were modified bentonite L-1.2Bt, dosage 0.02g, adsorption time 6h, initial mass concentration of acetaniprid 500mg/L and pH value 6. Under these conditions the maximum loading capacity was 333mg/g. The effects of potion proportion and temperature on the accumulative release rate of L-1.2Bt were studied by water soluble method. With the increase of water content and temperature, the accumulative release rate increased gradually, and finally tended to be stable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of Sesquiterpene Resin from Heavy Turpentine YANG Shao-ping, CHEN Jian-quan, WANG Fei, WANG Yao 2015, 49 (6):  17-21.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.004 Abstract ( 765 )   PDF (653KB) ( 945 )   Save Sesquiterpene resin was prepared from heavy turpentine with high content of longifolene and β-caryophyllene after being purified by distillation. In the reaction, the xylene was solvent, and anhydrous aluminium chloride and initiator P were used as catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions were investigated. The results showed that the yield, softening point and Gardner color of the product were 83.7%, 105℃ and 4, respectively. The conversion rate of longifolene and β-caryophyllene was over 99%, when the GC content of longifolene and β-caryophyllene in the heavy turpentine was over 85%, the weight ratio of solvent to heavy turpentine was 0.8:1, the dosage of catalyst was 4%, the reaction time was 4h and reaction temperature was-5-0℃, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Wood Vinegar in vitro DUAN Xiao-ling, WANG Hai-ying, LIU Zhi-ming, FENG Chen, YU Sen-hai 2015, 49 (6):  22-26.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.005 Abstract ( 871 )   PDF (698KB) ( 1001 )   Save The reducing power and the scavenging activities against phenyl picryl hydrazine radical(DPPH·) and hydroxyl radical(·OH) of birch wood vinegar(BWV), miscellaneous wood vinegar(MWV), sawdust wood vinegar(SWV), and distillated sawdust wood vinegar(DWV) were determined. The results showed that four kinds of wood vinegar had strong reducing power and the reducing power of sawdust wood vinegar was the strongest with the half effective concentration(EC50) of(1.73±0.06) g/L. Wood vinegar could effectively scavenge DPPH·, and DPPH·scavenging activity of sawdust wood vinegar was the highest with the median inhibitory concentration(IC50) of(0.20±0.01) g/L. Wood vinegar showed relatively weak ·OH scavenging ability, except the IC50 of sawdust wood vinegar was(9.69±0.20) g/L, the ·OH scavenging rates of the other three kinds of wood vinegar couldn't reach 50%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Laccase Treatment of Cathay Hickory Ectocarp WANG Jin, HAN Su-fang, ZHANG Fei-ying, LIU Ya-qun 2015, 49 (6):  27-30.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.006 Abstract ( 665 )   PDF (656KB) ( 901 )   Save In order to use the resources of the cathay hickory exocarp efficiently, the ectocarp powder was treated by laccase. The chemical compositions of the samples were determined, the microstructures of the lacasse treated and untreated ectocarp were observed by SEM, and the chemical structures of the samples were analyzed by using FT-IR and 13C NMR. The results showed that after laccase activation, the contents of lignin and extracts of cathay hickory ectocarps de creased and the powders were dispersed better, moreover, there was more exposed lignin on the surface. And the guaiacyl and syringyl lignin were degraded by β-O-4 fracture, and meanwhile more reactive oxygen species free radicals produced. This made the ectocarp surface to obtain more active groups and had higher reaction activity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of Forsythia mandschurica Uyeki Fresh Flowers AN Pei-qi, WANG Hai-ying, CAO Xu-dong, DU Si-qi, ZHANG Lu 2015, 49 (6):  31-36.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.007 Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (807KB) ( 1039 )   Save Essential oils of Forsythia mandschurica Uyeki fresh flowers were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE) method. Chemical composition of essential oils were analysized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The effects of different solvents on the results were studied. The results showed that the yield of essential oil of F. mandschurica Uyeki fresh flower extracted by SDE light petroleum method was 0.69%.28 components were identified from it. The highest GC content compound was pentacosane(28.65%), and the second was Z-9-tricosene(27.82%). The yield of essential oil of F. mandschurica Uyeki fresh flower extracted by SDE hexane method was 0.81%.44 components were identified from it. The highest GC content compounds was Z-9-tricosene(47.16%). The Z-9-tricosene was housefly sex attractant, and other aromatic compounds were myristic aldehyde(0.97%), caryophyllene(0.05%), etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Status and Development Trendency of Biodiesel Preparation from Microbial Lipid LI Xiao-ying, NIE Xiao-an, CHEN Jie, WANG Yi-gang 2015, 49 (6):  37-44.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.008 Abstract ( 714 )   PDF (1201KB) ( 1505 )   Save The classification and research situation of oleaginous microorganisms were reviewed. The quality standards of China and other countries were compared. The production technology of microbial lipid and explained in this paper. They included the pretreatment of microbial cell, extraction and refinement of microbial lipid, and preparation of micro-biodiesel. In addition, the prospect of microbial lipid was proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Application of Near-infrared Spectroscopy in Pulping Material Analysis WU Ting, LIANG Long, CUI Hong-hui, DENG Yong-jun, FANG Gui-gan 2015, 49 (6):  45-49.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.06.009 Abstract ( 631 )   PDF (737KB) ( 957 )   Save The principles, analysis methods and characteristics of near-infrared spectroscopy technology were introduced. It also comprehensively summarized current studies of applications of near-infrared spectroscopy in pulping material analysis on the following aspects. They were fast classification, chemical components, moisture content, basic density and fiber morphology. Finally, the problems in actual production were analyzed and the future development trend was prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics