生物质基多孔材料在保温材料中的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2022.04.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Environment protection, energy saving, and high efficiency are the main research directions for thermal insulation materials in the future, and the development of thermal insulation materials based on biomass is the future trend. Biomass-based porous materials refer to the porous materials prepared from renewable biomass as the precursor, which have the wide raw materials and diverse preparation methods. They have excellent characteristics, such as high porosity, low density, light weight, and so on, which has great application potential in the field of thermal insulation. In this paper, the heat preservation mechanism of the porous materials was overviewed, and the research progress on the cellulose, starch, chitosan, plant protein porous material in recent years was reviewed. The surfactant foaming method, freeze-drying method, pore-forming agent method, mould hot pressing method, solvent exchange phase separation in the application of biomass-based porous material preparation were also highlighted. Finally, the existing problems of biomass-based porous insulation materials are analyzed, and the future research directions of porous insulation materials are also prospected.

Key words: thermal insulation, porous materials, biomass material

CLC Number:

TQ35
TB322

Lei WANG, Xinyuan BI, Fei YE, Yibei LIU, Min WU, Peng LU. Research Progress of Biomass-based Porous Materials on Thermal Insulation Materials[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2022, 56(4): 58-66.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Table 2

Preparation method and thermal insulation performance of biomass based porous materials"

类别 classification		制备方法 preparation method	材料 material	导热系数/ (W·m^-1·K^-1) thermal conductivity	参考文献 ref.
纤维素基多孔材料¹⁾ cellulose based porous material	A	表面活性剂法 surfactant	竹浆、木浆bamboo pulp, wood pulp	0.0326	[11]
		冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	松木pine	0.025	[12]
			纳米纤维素nanocellulose	0.016~0.018, 0.029 ~0.032	[13]
			纳米纤化纤维素NFC	0.032~0.044	[14]
			巴尔沙木balsa	0.028，0.12	[15]
	B	冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	纳米纤维素/Elium树脂 nanocellulose/Elium resin	0.023~0.143	[16]
			菠萝纤维/聚乙烯醇 pineapple fiber/polyvinyl alcohol	0.030~0.034	[17]
			甘蔗渣/聚乙烯醇 bagasse/polyvinyl alcohol	0.031~0.042	[18]
			聚乙烯醇/纤维素纳米纤维/明胶 PVA/cellulose nanofibers/gelatin	0.029~0.037	[19]
			二硫化钼/纳米纤维素MoS₂/CNFs	0.02809	[24]
			纤维素纳米纤维/碳酸氢钠CNF/NaHCO₃	0.0277~0.0285	[25]
			纤维素纳米纤维/碳纳米管CNF/CNTs	0.038	[26]
			羧甲基纤维素/氧化石墨烯纳米片/硼酸 CMC/GO/BA	0.039~0.0417	[27]
		高剪切匀浆法 high shear homogenization	改性蒙脱土/纳米纤维素 SM-MMT/CNF	0.0326~0.0377	[21]
		水热法 hydrothermal method	纳米纤维素/勃姆石 CNF/AlOOH	0.0385~0.0477	[22]
		超临界CO₂干燥 supercritical CO₂ drying	纳米纤维素/二氧化钛 CNC/TiO₂	0.022~0.032	[23]
壳聚糖基多孔材料 chitosan based porous material		冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	纳米纤化纤维素/壳聚糖NFC/CS	0.029	[30]
壳聚糖基多孔材料 chitosan based porous material		冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖HAP/CS	0.02816~0.03743	[33]
淀粉基多孔材料 starch based porous material		热压法 hot-press approach	地聚物/淀粉geopolymer/starch	1.46~1.99	[38]
		热压法 hot-press approach	纤维/淀粉/膨润土fiber/starch/bentonite	0.0313	[39]
		冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	甜菜纸浆/马铃薯淀粉 beet pulp /potato starch	0.070~0.0755	[40]
		冷冻干燥 freeze-drying	魔芋葡甘聚糖/马铃薯淀粉/明胶/麦秸粉 konjac glucomannan/potato starch/gelatin/wheat straw	0.04641	[41]
淀粉基多孔材料 starch based porous material		超临界CO₂干燥 supercritical CO₂ drying	淀粉 starch	0.021~0.023	[43]
植物蛋白基多孔材料 plant protein based polyporous material		发泡剂发泡 foaming agent	植物蛋白/石膏vegetable protein/gypsum	0.186~0.477	[47]
植物蛋白基多孔材料 plant protein based polyporous material		发泡剂发泡 foaming agent	单宁/呋喃/大豆蛋白分离物 tannin/furan/soybean protein isolate	0.026	[48]

Table 2

References 48

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样品 samples	PVA/g	CNF/g	明胶质量分数/% gelatin	密度/(g·cm^-3) density	杨氏模量/MPa modulus	导热系数/(W·m^-1·K^-1) thermal conductivity
CNF	0	50	—	0.024±0.003	0.018±0.003	0.030
PVA/CNF	25	25	—	0.057±0.004	0.21±0.01	0.027
PVA/CNF/G1	25	25	1	0.071±0.003	0.43±0.03	0.029
PVA/CNF/G2	25	25	2	0.08±0.002	1.02±0.08	0.034
PVA/CNF/G3	25	25	3	0.085±0.005	1.65±0.06	0.037

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Research Progress of Biomass-based Porous Materials on Thermal Insulation Materials

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