Table of Content

30 September 2018, Volume 52 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Antifeedant Activity of Polyacid Derivatives of Rosin Against Agrotis ypsilon XU Ji, ZHAI Zhaolan, SONG Zhanqian, SHANG Shibin, RAO Xiaoping 2018, 52 (5):  1-5.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.001 Abstract ( 513 )   PDF (744KB) ( 541 )   Save Polyacid derivatives of rosin such as acrylpimaric acid(APA), fumaropimaric acid(FPA) and maleopimaric acid(MPA) were synthesized by Diels-Alder addition reaction from rosin. The antifeedant activities of polyacid derivatives of rosin and dehydroabietic acid against Agrotis ypsilon were investigated by leaf disc method. The results showed that antifeedant rates of dehydroabietic acid, acrylpimaric acid, maleopimaric acid and fumaropimaric acid against Agrotis ypsilon reached 0.68%, 78.41%, 13.41% and 79.94% at 1g/L after 24hours, respectively. Acrylpimaric acid and fumaropimaric acid had good antifeedant activities against Agrotis ypsilon, while maleopimaric acid exhibited weak antifeedant activities against Agrotis ypsilon and dehydroabietic acid almost didn't have antifeedant activity. The 50% antifeedant mass concentrations(AFC50) for acrylpimaric acid and fumaropimaric acid were 0.04 and 0.06g/L, respectively. Field experiment could be carried out to further detect its actual control effect in production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Resin-producing Capacity and Resin Composition of Different Hybrid Pine WU Dongshan, YANG Zhangqi, HUANG Yongli 2018, 52 (5):  6-12.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.002 Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (738KB) ( 492 )   Save In order to study the resin-producing capacity of different hybrid pines and the content of oleoresin, the variance and correlation analysis of resin-producing capacity and oleoresin composition of five 21-year-old hybrid pines of slash pine(PEE) and caribbean pine(PCH and PCB) and their contrast were conducted.The results showed that there was significant difference in resin-producing capacity between hybrid pine and its contrast. Lipid production ratios of 3 hybrid pines(PEE×PCH, PCH×PEE, PEE×PCB, (PCH×PEE)×PEE, PCH×(PCH×PEE)) were higher than the average of the 3 contrast by 74.55%, 23.27%, 37.19%, 65.26%, 46.71%. PEE×PCH combination had the best resin-producing capacity. Turpentine oil, β-pinene, limonene,levopimaric acid, abietic acid, neoabietic acid of different combinations had significant difference. The highest content of hybrids turpentine oil and α-pinene, β-pinene were PEE×PCH(31.02%), PEE×PCB(23.24%), PEE×PCH(14.7%), respectively. The highest levopimaric acid, abietic acid, neoabietic acid content in combinations were PEE×PCH(28.38%), PCH×(PCH×PEE)(4.34%),(PCH×PEE)×PEE(11.46%), respectively. The correlation analysis of PEE×PCH combination showed that there was no significant correlation between the resin-producing capacity and oleoresin composition, but some of oil content, β-pinene, limonene, levopimaric acid were significantly correlated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Hydrogenation of Bio-oil Through Multiphase Discharge Reaction Technology ZHAO Weidong, NI Kang, ZHANG Xiaoyin, HUANG Jianquan 2018, 52 (5):  13-19.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.003 Abstract ( 491 )   PDF (1072KB) ( 532 )   Save In order to solve the problems of easy coking of catalysts and uncontinuous process in bio-oil hydrogenation technology, the multiphase discharge reaction technology was adopted to hydrofine the bio-oil. The bio-oil/solid catalyst/H2 multiphase discharge system was constructed. The influence of catalyst effect on the hydrogenation of bio-oil was studied. Then the impacts of the working voltage, gas flow rate and reaction time on the effect of multiphase discharge hydrofining bio-oil in the device were researched. The results showed that with the increase of working voltage and gas flow rate, deoxidization rate(R) of multiphase discharge of hydrofining bio-oil were presented to increase firstly then decrease. With the increase of reaction time, R increased firstly then stabilized at the end. Under the conditions of working voltage 22kV,gas flow rate 60mL/min and reaction time 120min, the deoxidation rate could reach 41%.Compared with the raw bio-oil, the contents of alcohols, phenols, ketones, acids of multiphase discharge hydrofining bio-oil were relatively low, and hydrocarbons increased significantly. The feasibility of using multiphase discharge technique was confirmed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Adhesion Properties of Urea-modified Phenol Formaldehyde Resin for Plywood WANG Rongxing, ZHANG Zuxin, CHEN Riqing, ZHAO Linwu, WANG Chunpeng 2018, 52 (5):  20-24.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.004 Abstract ( 646 )   PDF (712KB) ( 637 )   Save A series of urea-modified phenol formaldehyde(PUF) resin systems with different urea contents were prepared and used in the preparation of plywood(when the dosages of urea(U) were 0, 25%, 43% and 66% of the mass of phenol(P), the obtained samples were recorded as PF, PUF-1, PUF-2 and PUF-3). The resins were used for preparing plywood and the change of resins during plywood processing was studied. The results showed that the contact angles of the PUF-3 resin with eucalyptus and poplar were 79.6ånd 81.1°, and the compatibility of PUF to eucalyptus wood was better than that of poplar wood. And the curing processes of four kinds of resins were obtained by DSC analysis. The temperatures of maximum curing rate of PF, PUF-1, PUF-2 and PUF-3 were 146.8, 171.4, 171.8 and 171.8℃. The rheological behavior of the complex system formed by mixing PUF-3 with flour was studied by means of rotating rheometer, and the curing reaction began to occur at 110℃, and the suitable hot-pressing temperature was (130±5)℃. The thermogravimetric analysis of PF and PUF-3 before and after hot pressing showed that the high temperature resistance of PUF was better than that of PF, and the heat resistance of structure formed by hot pressing was better. The properties of plywood produced with the four resins were qualified and reached E0 level, the formaldehyde emission of eucalyptus plywood was less than 0.5mg/L, and the bonding strengths of plywood were 1.42, 1.11, 0.98 and 0.92MPa, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Properties of 1-Deoxynojirimycin Controlled-release Pellets SUN Zhaoying, YUAN Shujie, ZHAO Huanan, DING Hui, LIU Zhiming 2018, 52 (5):  25-30.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.005 Abstract ( 509 )   PDF (1736KB) ( 488 )   Save Fluidized bed coater was employed to prepare controlled-release pellet core with 1-deoxynojirimycin as raw material and hydroxypropyl methely cellulose phthalate as coating material. Blank pellet core was prepared with microcrystalline cellulose. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose was used as adhesives to administer medicines. The prepared pellets were packed into capsule. In the dissolution test, it was found that 1-deoxynojirimycin pellets exhibited controlled release effect. SEM analysis showed that the controlled-release pellets were nearly ball shape,the surface was smooth,uniform and compact,and the pellet core,durg layer and controlled-release layer were clearly and had uniform thichness,which indicated that the coating teachnology was stable.The capsules had the uniform content of 1-deoxynojirimycin and the impurities accorded with the regulation.The drug releases of the 1-deoxynojirimycin controlled-release pellets in medias with pH value of 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8 were studied. Compared controlled-release pellets with immediate-release tablets, there was significant difference in the mean cumulative drug concentration profile in different media evaluation. The results indicated that drug release profiles from 1 to 12 hours showed excellent zero-order release character in vitro.Exposed on the conditions of RH 92.5%, strong light (4500±500)lx and high temperature 60℃, respectively, the product was stable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Co-pyrolysis Characteristics of Biomass and Coal and Influence of Catalyst on Pyrolysis YALKUNJAN Tursun, BIEERDEHAN Watihan, DILINUER Talifu, ABULIKEMU Abulizi, XU Shaoping 2018, 52 (5):  31-36.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.006 Abstract ( 548 )   PDF (974KB) ( 652 )   Save Co-pyrolysis characteristics of pine sawdust and Wucaiwan coal were studied with thermogravimetric analyzer and fixed bed. The effects of catalyst on co-pyrolysis of biomass and coal and the pore structure characteristics of co-pyrolysis char were investigated. The results showed that the pyrolysis characteristics of individual biomass and coal during co-pyrolysis were maintained and there was no synergetic effect in the co-pyrolysis due to different pyrolysis temperature region of the individual biomass and coal. Experimental yields of co-pyrolysis char was higher than the calculated values. The difference between the experimental char yield and the calculated value increased from 0.81 percentage points to 1.07 percentage points with reducing the biomass mass ratio from 75% to 25%. The addition of olivine and olivine supported nickel catalyst(NiO/olivine) promoted the co-pyrolysis reaction. Under the condition of NiO/olivine catalyst addition(the mass ratio of raw material and catalyst 1:1), the co-pyrolysis carbon conversion rate increased by 0.5% to 5.1%. The catalytic activity increased with the increase of biomass ratio in the blend. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Pyrolysis Characteristics and Product of Hawthorn Kernel WANG Junzhi, YUAN Xichao, LUO Siyi, YI Chuijie 2018, 52 (5):  37-40.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.007 Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (605KB) ( 524 )   Save The pyrolysis characteristics of hawthorn kernel and its product distribution were studied by thermogravimetry experiment under different heating rate and different pyrolysis temperature with self-made fix bed pyrolysis device. The yields of the three-phase products were analyzed and the results showed that the pyrolysis temperature had little effect on the yield of the tar and had significant effect on the pyrolysis gas and the coke yield. With the increase of the pyrolysis final temperature the coke yield reduced, while pyrolysis gas production increased. Under the same pyrolysis temperature, the yield of tar increased(when the pyrolysis temperature was 600℃, the yield of tar increased about 6 percentage points) and the yields of coke and pyrolysis gas decreased with the increase of the heating rate from 5℃/min to 10℃/min, and the greater the pyrolysis temperature was, the greater the effect of the heating rate on the tar yield was. At the same time, improving pyrolysis temperature and heating rate increased the reaction rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of Sucrose Ester of Rosin Acid Catalyzed by K2O/Al2O3 and Na3PO4/MgO Solid Base QIU Shiming, TAN Yiqiu 2018, 52 (5):  41-45.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.008 Abstract ( 493 )   PDF (1669KB) ( 513 )   Save The sucrose ester of rosin acid was prepared with K2O/Al2O3 and Na3PO4/MgO solid base catalyst in the solvent of 1,2-propanediol. The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading amount, reaction time and mass ratio of rosin to sucrose on the synthesis of sucrose ester of rosin acid were discussed with esterification rate as index. The catalyst was characterized by SEM, BET and other methods, and the performances of emulsification, foaming and surface tension of sucrose ester of rosin acid were tested. Tests revealed that the specific surface areas of K2O/Al2O3 and Na3PO4/MgO were 142.52 and 19.38m2/g. In the synthesis reaction of sucrose esters of rosin acid, the activity of catalyst K2O/Al2O3 was higher than that of Na3PO4/MgO. The optimum synthesis conditions of the sucrose ester of rosin acid with K2O/Al2O3 as catalyst were the reaction time 2.5h, reaction temperature 125℃, amount of catalyst K2O/Al2O3 3%, the mass fraction of K2O in K2O/Al2O3 30%, the mass ratio of rosin and sucrose 1:2. The esterified rate mounted to 98% under the above optimum conditions. In the comparative study it was found that the sucrose ester of rosin acid exhibited stronger surface activity than sucrose fatty acid ester. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Liquefaction of Lignocellulose Using Different Solvents ZHAI Qiaolong, XU Junming, SU Qiuli, LI Fanglin 2018, 52 (5):  46-54.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.009 Abstract ( 497 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 757 )   Save Biomass liquefaction technology can convert low-grade solid biomass into high-grade liquid fuel or chemicals, which is the main way of efficient utilization of biomass. Firstly, the mechanism of liquefaction of different biomass components was analysed. On the basis of this, the liquefaction reactions with water, alcohols and mixed solvents as liquefaction solvent were discussed. Then,the influences of catalyst on liquefaction process and product composition were analyzed and compared. The great advantages of alcohols in the quality of liquefied oil and the molecular structure of the liquefaction process were pointed out, and it has high application prospect in high quality liquefied oil, fuel additive synthesis and so on. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Biomass Pyrolysis for Bio-oil and Upgrading Research NIU Miaomiao, YANG Jiayao, LI Shang, SUN Ke, CAO Jian, LI Xinyang 2018, 52 (5):  55-61.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.010 Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (947KB) ( 770 )   Save As an important part of renewable energy, biomass energy shows strategic importance in the substitution and supplementation of energy and protection of environment. Biomass pyrolysis oil is the liquid product obtained by biomass pyrolysis and has the advantages of high energy density, environmental friendliness, renewable utilization and convenient transportation, making it possible for replacing fossil fuels and solving energy shortage and environmental pollution. The development and utilization of biomass pyrolysis oil technology has become one of the most important topics of sustainable energy research in this century. In this study, the main research of biomass pyrolysis oil production in recent years were reviewed, focusing on the improvement of pyrolysis reactor, catalytic pyrolysis and the upgrading of bio-oil. Three kinds of biomass pyrolysis catalysts including alkali metal, oxide and molecular sieve were introduced and five kinds of biomass upgrading methods including emulsification,catalytic hydrogenation,catalytic cracking,catalytic esterification and reforming hydrogen production were presented.The current status and development trend of biomass pyrolysis technology were summarized. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Situation, Problems and Strategies of Cassia Oil Industry in China ZOU Zhiping, LIU Liujun, LU Zhaohua 2018, 52 (5):  62-66.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2018.05.011 Abstract ( 859 )   PDF (761KB) ( 771 )   Save The production area,yield distribution,production process,influence factors of yield, as well as the deep processed products of Chinese cassia oil were throughly analyzed. It was pointed out that Chinese cassia oil was manily produced in the Xijiang River basin of Guangdong and Guangxi, and about 60% were used for deep processing. The new process and the old process coexisted. The new process was more suitable for the deep processing of cassia oil to produce natural cinnamaldehyde and benzaldehyde. At present, the problems of the development of China's cassia oil industry mainly included raw material harvesting, environmental protection laws and utilization of residues. It was suggested that a strong industry association should be established to promote the healthy development of the whole industry chain of cassia. References | Related Articles | Metrics