Table of Content

30 March 2015, Volume 49 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Modified Alkali Lignin Foaming Materials LUO Hua-chao, CHEN He-mu, CHEN Ying-chao, FENG Wei, WANG Chen, QIN Bi-da, REN Shi-xue 2015, 49 (2):  1-6.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.001 Abstract ( 963 )   PDF (1487KB) ( 1059 )   Save By using inorganic foaming principles,polyvinyl alcohol/alkali lignin foaming material(PLFM),polyvinyl alcohol/epoxided alkali lignin foaming material(PELFM),and polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxymethylated alkali lignin foaming material(PHLFM),were prepared,with polyvinyl alcohol and modified alkali lignin as raw materials and formaldehyde as crosslinking agent.Then they were determined and analyzed by FT-IR,scanning electron microscope,DSC,and TG.The results showed that when PVA was 5g and the addition of epoxided alkali lignin was 50% of the PVA's mass,formaldehyde 24%,sulfuric acid 54%,and 120 ℃ for solidification,the obtained PELFM had the maximum tensile strength,17.26 MPa.FT-IR results showed that substitutions were occurred on the benzene rings of PLFM and PHLFM at the 5-position,but PELFM not.SEM maps showed that the pore sizes were irregular and the porosity was large.Compared with others,PELFM possessed lower tensile property,apparent density,and water absorbency.From DSC and TG analysis,PELFM had the lowest glass transition temperature,the best biological compatibility,the maximum residual quantity and the maximum temperature corresponding to the highest lose rate peak.This temperature which was between the relevant temperatures of alkali lignin and PVA.It indicated that PELFM had the best heat resistance and thermal stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Non-silicon Stabilizer in Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching TMP Pulp of Eucalyptus GUO Wen-liang, SHI Ying-qiao, DENG Yong-jun, DING Lai-bao, JIAO Jian, FANG Gui-gan 2015, 49 (2):  7-11.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.002 Abstract ( 809 )   PDF (665KB) ( 905 )   Save The feasibility of non-silicon stabilizer G1 and G56 applied in hydrogen peroxide bleaching TMP pulp of Eucalyptus was investigated and the bleaching conditions were optimized.The results showed that the substitution of sodium silicate with G1 and G56 as the stabilizer in hydrogen peroxide bleaching for TMP pulp was technically feasible.Under the conditions of mass fraction of pulp 20 %,H2O2 9.0 %,temperature 90 ℃,time 30 min,the optimal bleaching chemicals charge were G1 0.5 %,G56 0.5 %,and NaOH 5.85 %.After single hydrogen peroxide bleaching stage,the brightness of bleached TMP pulp could increase more than 38.89 %ISO compared with the unbleached pulp and more than 1.75 %ISO compared with 2 % of sodium silicate.This brightness was similar to that by 2 % sodium silicate and 2 % DTPA (79.88 % ISO). References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Pyrogallol Using Reversed-phase HPLC and Internal Standard Method ZHANG Liang-liang, WANG Yong-mei, XU Man, CHEN Jia-hong 2015, 49 (2):  12-16.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.003 Abstract ( 1344 )   PDF (667KB) ( 1241 )   Save A rapid,specific,and accurate HPLC method was developed and validated for the assay of pyrogallol.The assay involved a gradient elution of pyrogallol with a Thermo Hypersil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) using mobile phase composition of methanol and water (0.1% TFA) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.UV detection was performed at 266 nm.Ellagic acid was used as an internal standard.The retention time of pyrogallol and ellagic acid was 4.33 and 19.25 min,respectively.The linearity range of pyrogallol concentration was from 62.5 to 2 000 mg/L.The fitting equation of calibration curve was y=0.000 138 66x+0.001 92 (R=0.999 7) and a mean recovery of 103.6% was found.The proposed method was applied for the quantitative determination of pyrogallol in pyrogallol products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Silanization Modification of Nanofibrillated Cellulose WANG Yu, LIU Zhi-ming 2015, 49 (2):  17-20.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.004 Abstract ( 1319 )   PDF (1300KB) ( 1068 )   Save Nanofibrillated cellulose(NFC) was prepared by high pressure homogenization method with absorbent cotton as raw materials.NFCs modified with chlorotrimethylsilane(TMCS) and octadecyltrichlorosilane were prepared respectively.Ultrastructral morphologies and structures of NFC,and silanization modified NFC were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),X-ray diffraction spectroscopy(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.The research results show that the ultrastructral morphology of NFC is fibrillar,and its diameter is mostly about 20 nm,its length is mainly distributed in 500-1 000 nm,and its structure is cellulose type I.The results of FT-IR and SEM analysis show that the modified effect of 150 μL TMCS is better than others in the silanization modifications,and the ultrastructral morphology of the accordingly modified NFC is fibrillar. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Production of Xylonic Acid from Dilute Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysates of Wheat Straw with Whole-cell Catalysis of Glucobacter oxydans MA Yi-cong, ZHOU Xin, MIAO Yuan-yuan, XU Yong, YONG Qiang, YU Shi-yuan 2015, 49 (2):  21-26.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.005 Abstract ( 1060 )   PDF (837KB) ( 933 )   Save The production of xylonic acid from hydrolysates of straw by whole-cell catalysis was investigated with long-term domesticated Gluconobacter oxydans as catalytic strain.The results showed that the catalytic reaction could be inhibited by hydrolysates without detoxication,and the inhibitory effect was more obvious with the increase of concentration.However,it could be counteracted by increasing inoculation quantity and dissolved oxygen.In the shake flask system,with the inoculation amount of 2 g/L and the xylose concentration of hydrolysates more than 100 g/L,the performance of cell catalysis was inhibited seriously,and the yield of xylonic acid and utilization rate of xylose were all lower than 50%.When the inoculation amount increased to 8 g/L,the yield of xylonic acid reached 85.7%.The method of compressed oxygen supply in the sealed aerated stirred tank reactor was investigated,and in 24 h the concentration and yield of xylonic acid reached 103.1 g/L and 93.1%,respectively.And the production rate increased 1.6 folds compared with that of the shaker system when xylose concentration of hydrolysates was 100 g/L and inoculation amount of G.oxydans was 8 g/L. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Rheological Properties of Slurry of Biomass Materials and Transportion Conditions in Pipeline WANG Cheng-zhao, LI Fang-yi, LI Jian-feng, GUO An-fu, LIU Peng, GUAN Kai-kai 2015, 49 (2):  27-31.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.006 Abstract ( 771 )   PDF (895KB) ( 970 )   Save A digital rotational viscometer was used to study the rheological properties of the slurry of biomass materials and then the spatial structure of the fiber in the slurry was analyzed by SEM.And the temperature of pipeline in transportation was studied.The results suggested that fibers in the slurry had the network structure.Its viscosity raised first and fell down afterwards till a final steady state with stirring time increase.The relationship between shear rate and shear stress fitted Casson Model.With the slurry temperature increasing,the viscosity decreased.In 55-85 ℃,the slurry after 900 seconds' fully mixing was the most suitable for pipeline transportation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technical Development of Agroforestry Residue Recycling Based on Patent Analysis LI Xiang-hui, JIN Fu-lan, LIU Ling 2015, 49 (2):  32-38.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.007 Abstract ( 814 )   PDF (1760KB) ( 1045 )   Save Through various analytical methods such as quantitative statistics,citation statistics,and visual text clustering integrated in Thomson Innovation patent information analysis tool,the global patent data of agroforestry residue recycling recorded in Derwent World Patents Index between 1980 to 2015 were analyzed.As the results,the technical development statuses and trends in 3 main fields of agroforestry residue recycling,e.g,gasification,liquefaction and combustion technologies,were investigated in order to supply valuable references for R&D strategy and industrial policy formulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw by Using Response Surface Methodology ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Qi, RUAN Xin-yi, WANG Xin-ze, KONG Hai-nan, LIN Yan 2015, 49 (2):  39-46,52.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.008 Abstract ( 656 )   PDF (1509KB) ( 999 )   Save With an aim to optimize the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw,the parameters including solid content,enzyme loading,temperature,pH,and hydrolysis time were investigated by means of response surface methodology(RSM) with the reducing sugar(RS) yield as response value.The results showed that all the parameters had significant effects(p<0.05) on the reducing sugar yield.A well fitted regression equation with R2 value of 0.946 9,p<0.05,coefficient variability(Cv) value of 4.37%,and adequate precision value of 26.396 indicated that the developed model was significant and could be used to navigate the designed space and predict the response.The predicted optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis were solid content of 8.0%,enzyme loading of 35 FPU/g,temperature of 50 ℃,pH of 5.4,and hydrolysis time of 96 h.The experimental results showed that under the optimum conditions the corresponding RS yield was 60.73% with glucose and xylose concentrations of 31.84 and 16.74 g/L,respectively.Further,the results obtained in this research showed a high RS yield with high initial solid content,which would significantly improve the ethanol concentration,reduce the subsequently distillation costs,and improve the commercial potential of the lignocellulosic bioethanol production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection Methods of Hydroxyl Compounds and its Application in Biomass Liquefaction SUI Jing, LU Zhi-gang, SUN Feng-wen, ZHANG Zhang 2015, 49 (2):  47-52.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.009 Abstract ( 867 )   PDF (960KB) ( 995 )   Save A review on the recent progress of detection methods of carbonyl compounds,including spectrophotometry,fluorescence,oscillographic polarography,and chromatography,was conducted.The advantages and disadvantages of capillary chromatography,solid phase microextracion coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,derivative-liquid chromatography spectrometry,solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,and liquid phase microextraction-liquid chromatography,were mainly introduced.And a theoretical basis for detection of carbonyl compounds in biomass phenol-liquefaction and formaldehyde resin was provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Modified Rosin and Its Application Reported in Patents LIU Li, RAO Xiao-ping, SONG Zhan-qian, SHANG Shi-bin 2015, 49 (2):  53-58.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.010 Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (859KB) ( 1357 )   Save More than fifty domestic patents about rosin in recent five years were searched.The research progress of modified rosin and its application were reviewed from four different aspects,i.e,fine chemical products,biological medicine and biological pesticide products,biological material,and biofuels.The development of rosin industry was prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Feasibility Study on Preparation of Nano Fiber from Liquefied Wood by Electrostatic Spinning ZHANG Chen-hui, ZHANG Wen-bo, GUO Ting 2015, 49 (2):  59-65.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2015.02.011 Abstract ( 863 )   PDF (1094KB) ( 989 )   Save From the characteristics and application of nanofiber prepared by electrospinning,the research situation of the preparation of the preparation was comprehensively summarized.Several suggestions on technical issues and research work in future biomass nanofibers preparation through electrospinning from the wood liquefaction were proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics