Table of Content

30 January 2007, Volume 41 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Pilot Study on Preparation Technique of Biodiesel and Chemical Products NIE Xiao-an;JIANG Jian-chun;ZHANG Tian-jian;ZHU Jin-hua 2007, 41 (1):  1-4.  Abstract ( 623 )   PDF (876KB) ( 962 )   Save The pilot technology of biodiesel from rapeseed oil or acidic oil was studied. By the analysis of GC and chemical method, the better technical conditions were obtained.Through the price accounting of chemical materials, the economic feasibility of the synthesis way from rapeseed oil or acidic oil was discussed. The burning properties of biodiesel from oils were also analyzed.The result was shown that the biodiesel from the production line of biodiesel and chemical prducts could reach or exceed the Germany biodiesel standard.The cetane number of biodiesel made in this study was 60, and sulfur content was 0.005%, the study had profound practical significance Related Articles | Metrics

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Heat Emission Qualification of Agro-stalks During Smoldering HE Fang;DOU Sha-sha;LI Yong-jun;YI Wei-ming 2007, 41 (1):  5-8.  Abstract ( 543 )   PDF (749KB) ( 859 )   Save Smoldering experiments of wheat straw, corn stalk, sorghum stalk, sweet potato vine,cotton stalk and millet straw have been conducted on STA. Results showed that smoldering of agro-stalks can be divided into four stages: biomass heating up, carbonization, char oxidation of and ash heating up. The reaction heat of carbonization processes of the above agro-stalks was 6.285, 5.269, 5.308, 4.041, 5.347, 5.414 kJ per gram consumed matter respectively. The reaction heat of char oxidation was 22.554, 20.723, 24.392, 24.319, 26.105, 19.477 kJ per gram consumed matter,respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Standardization of Domestic Camphor and Application of the Standard ZHAO Zhen-dong;LI Dong-mei;LIU Xian-zhang;BI Liang-wu;CAO Xiang-min;WANG Jing;GU Yan 2007, 41 (1):  9-13.  Abstract ( 582 )   PDF (884KB) ( 834 )   Save Standardization of domestic camphor was worked out to meet the requirement of the production and market as a forestry-industrial standard. The standard specified appearance, character, odor, specifications, test and analytical methods, functional additives, shapes, sizes, packing, marking, storing, transportation, sanitation, and management, and the standard is the same for domestic camphor products made of synthetic or natural camphor in different shapes. The analytical and examination methods were established in which GC was the main for the identification and distinguishing of the domestic camphor. Then, the specifications such as camphor content, density, etc. and their value ranges were studied and confirmed. At the same time, the test and analytical methods for sophistication and the sophisticated impurities were also investigated. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Polyhydric Alcohol Liquefaction of Corn Stalk WANG Gao-sheng;ZHANG Ji-hong;CHEN Fu-shan;HU Hui-ren 2007, 41 (1):  14-18.  Abstract ( 683 )   PDF (923KB) ( 1007 )   Save The liquefaction of corn stalk in polyhydric alcohol was studied. The results showed that dosage of liquefaction solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst all have significant effect on liquefaction. In the condition of temperature 160 ℃, reaction time 30 min, ratio of solvent to corn stalk 4.5, and ratio of catalyst to liquefaction solvent 3.5%, liquefaction rate would reach 90%, hydroxyl number of liquefied product was 380 mg/g and the viscosity of liquefied product was 353 mPa·s. Finally the relative mechanism of corn stalk liquefaction was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Synthesis of Terpinolene from Pinene HU Hong-cheng;ZENG Tao;CHEN Hua-cheng 2007, 41 (1):  19-21.  Abstract ( 617 )   PDF (523KB) ( 901 )   Save Terpinolene was synthesized from pinene by the catalysis of p-tolueresulfonic acid.The final content of terpinolene in product could be maintained 38.8% and the yield of terpinolene was 39.9%. Under the condition of90 ℃,7 h,12.7% catalyst, 36% water,1.3% emulsifier.The synthesis technigue and yield of product are all superior than those at home and abroad. Related Articles | Metrics

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Combined Extraction of Essential Oils,Pigment,Pectin and Hesperidin from Orange Peel LI Jian-min;LIU Xiao-hong;LI An 2007, 41 (1):  22-24.  Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (609KB) ( 961 )   Save The total technical process and suitable conditions for continuous extraction of essential oil,pigment, pectin and hesperidin from orange peel were studied. The prepared products all met the quality requirements and had higher yields. The cost of the combined extraction route was lower and the orange peel was used completely. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Preparation of Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell with Zinc Chloride by Microwave Irradiation WU Chun-hua;ZHAO Qian-rong;ZHANG Jia-yan;JIN Hai-ying 2007, 41 (1):  25-27.  Abstract ( 633 )   PDF (512KB) ( 985 )   Save The activated carbon was prepared from walnut shell with ZnCl2 by microwave irradiation. The effect of activation conditions on the decolorizing capacity for methylene blue, iodine value and the yield of activated carbon were investigated. The optimal technical conditions were: walnut shell was 10 g, microwave power was 580 W, activation time was 7 min, ZnCl2 solution concentration was 50%. The decolorizing capacity for methylene blue of activated carbon was 16 mL/g, the iodine value was 977.81mg/g, and the yield was 51.06%. The activation time was as short as 7/90 of the time for traditional technology and the yield was 1.5 times higher than that of the traditional technology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Star Anise Oil ZHU Kai;ZHU Xin-bao 2007, 41 (1):  28-30.  Abstract ( 461 )   PDF (491KB) ( 1004 )   Save The extraction of star anise oil was studied by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method. By orthogonal test,the optimal technological conditions were obtained as follows:pressure 16 MPa,temperature 35 ℃, flow rate 30 L/h and time 2 h.The extraction yields was 10.5%.The yield of star anise oil obtained by steam distillation was 7.5%, The yield and properties of the oil obtained with the two methods were compared. The result showed that the yield of SFE-CO2 was 40% higher and the aroma was better than that of steam distillation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Residual Methanol in Solanesol by Capillary GC CHEN Xiao-qiang;ZHANG Ying;YANG Feng-jian;ZU Yuan-gang 2007, 41 (1):  31-33.  Abstract ( 581 )   PDF (564KB) ( 914 )   Save A capillary GC method for the determination of residual methanol in solanesol was established with dichloroethane as internal standard. The method is simple, convenient,and reproducible. The average recovery of methanol was 100.2%,and RSD was 0.44%. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Preliminary Study on Extraction of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins from the Bark of Simao Pine ZHANG Jia-yan;WU Chun-hua;QIN Yong-jian;WANG Jia-xue 2007, 41 (1):  34-36.  Abstract ( 401 )   PDF (633KB) ( 1045 )   Save Oligomeric proanthocyanidins(OPCs) were prepared from the bark of Simao pine by extraction with solvents such as methanol,50% methanol,70% acetone and 50% acetone, and precipitation of petroleum ether. The extracts were compared with the OPCs reference material from Tianjin Jianfeng Company by IR spectrum. The OPCs contents in extracts were determined by UV method. The results showed that the OPCs could be extracted from Simao pine bark with all above solvents. The extraction yield was 1.08%,1.41%,1.78% and 2.53%,respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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The New Method of Separating the High Purity Longifolene from the Heavy Turpentine HUANG Yu-ping;LIANG Li-feng;LIN Jie-xian;TAN Xie-feng 2007, 41 (1):  37-39.  Abstract ( 656 )   PDF (426KB) ( 892 )   Save The hydration reaction catalyzed by the ion-exchange resin, was used to reduce the content of caryophyllene in the heavy turpentine and get the longifolene of high purity. Effects of temperature, time and any other factors were investigated. The results showed, under a suitable conditions, the content of caryophyllene will be as low as 1.1%, the conversion of caryophyllene will exceed 90%. Related Articles | Metrics

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A New Method of Synthesizing Epoxycedrane CHEN Hua-cheng;ZENG Tao;HU Hong-cheng 2007, 41 (1):  40-42.  Abstract ( 680 )   PDF (488KB) ( 964 )   Save Epoxycedrane was firstly synthesized at home and abroad from α-cedrene by epoxidation of hydrogen peroxide under the catalysis of ruthenium trichloride and pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid. The optimal conditions for synthesis of epoxycedrane were 1.90% of ruthenium trichloride,12.28% of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 8 times (equiv) of hydrogen peroxide, 20 h and 30℃.This method not only operates simply and reacts warmly,but also realize 100% conversion of α-cedrene and 84% selectivity of the target product. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Biomass Combustion Technologies MA Wen-chao;CHEN Guan-yi;YAN Bei-bei;HU Yan-jun 2007, 41 (1):  43-48.  Abstract ( 755 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 1003 )   Save The generation of electricity by combustion process from clean and renewable biomass resource is being given more and more attention.The characteristics of biomass fuels, utilization, the current mainstream combustion technology, power generation by biomass combustion, and some technical problems were introduced. The co-combustion technology of biomass with coal and urban domestic garbage combustion for power generation were also introduced simply. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Cellulose-based Heavy Metal-ion Absorbents WANG Yu;WANG Dan;SHANG Shi-bin;SONG Zhan-qian 2007, 41 (1):  49-54.  Abstract ( 535 )   PDF (1105KB) ( 885 )   Save Aimed at the hotspot of absorbents preparation from cellulose and its derivatives, the present research situation of heavy metal-ion absorbents based on cellulose (including ion-exchange cellulose absorbents and chelating cellulose absorbents) were introduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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Statement of Biomass Energy Standard System(Ⅳ) —— Biomass Gaseous Fuel Standardization Progress LIU Jun-li;JIANG Jian-chun 2007, 41 (1):  55-58.  Abstract ( 687 )   PDF (769KB) ( 1144 )   Save Biomass energy is a renewable and clean energy. Focusing on biomass energy products and according to their different physical states, the standardization system of biomass energy is proposed in the course series on the basis of investigation of the international standardization of major products. The progress of biomass gaseous fuel standardization is reviewed in this paper. On the basis of analyzing the status of international gaseous bio-fuel industry development, the main standards of gaseous bio-fuel such as biogas and gas of biomass gasification are introduced. The standard system of biogas in China is perfected. It is suggested that the standards of gaseous bio-fuel quality,relative technology and equipments should be established and perfected in order to form full standard system including production of gaseous bio-fuel, gasifier, generator,etc. Related Articles | Metrics