Table of Content

30 May 2010, Volume 44 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Analysis on Mechanism and Impact Factors of Transesterification for Biodiesel Production LI Xiang-yu;JIANG Jian-chun;WANG Kui;LI Ke;WU Huan;NIE Xiao-an;LI Hui 2010, 44 (3):  1-5.  Abstract ( 1091 )   PDF (908KB) ( 2887 )   Save The preparation and production technology of biodiesel was described in this paper. The synthetic effects such as water and free fatty acids in the raw material oil, temperature, pressure, catalyst, reaction time, alcohol-oil ratios, the mixing degree of raw materials and other aspects on the reaction were investigated. The transesterification mechanisms were discussed. The best synthetic technology conditions for synthesis of biodiesel by transesterification were obtained. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on New Preparation Technology of Pharmaceutical Tannic Acid CHANG Lian-ju;ZHANG Zong-he;ZHONG Chong-mao;DU Yun-ping 2010, 44 (3):  6-10.  Abstract ( 830 )   PDF (965KB) ( 1102 )   Save Pharmaceutical tannic acid was prepared from industrial tannic acid through methanol extraction and chromatography adsorption. The optimum conditions were deter mined as follows:ratio of industrial tannic acid to methanol 1:5(g:mL), temperature of actived carbon-adsorption column 60℃, and the flow rate 25 mL/min. The content of tannic acid of product was over 93%. The other items had reached the requirements of pharmaceutical tannic acid. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Extraction Conditions on Fractional Separation of Bamboo Fiber HU Die;WU Ping;XIE Tao 2010, 44 (3):  11-15.  Abstract ( 541 )   PDF (1265KB) ( 1143 )   Save Fractional separation of bamboo fiber was studied. With ethanol as solvent, the suitable conditions of fractional separation are 2.1% of NaOH and 1.5% of H2O2 in the first fractional separation, 2.4% of NaOH and 2.0% of H2O2 in the second fractional separation and 2.4% of NaOH and 1.0% of H2O2 in the third fractional separation. Effects of NaOH on the structures of hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose gradually decrease, while H2O2 has little influence on it. Ethanol can simultaneously extract lignin and hemicellulose, while ethyl acetate and acetone can't extract hemicellulose. The higher yield and purity of lignin extracted by ethyl acetate are achieved. Ethanol and acetone have little influence on the structures of cellulose and lignin, while ethyl acetate has a great influence on it. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Solvent Extraction Technique of Limonium sinuatum Pigment Enhanced by Ultrasonic Wave DING Lai-xin;SONG Xian-liang;BAI Yu 2010, 44 (3):  17-21.  Abstract ( 679 )   PDF (785KB) ( 1301 )   Save Extraction technique of the pigment from violet flowers of Limonium sinuatum were studied, including comparison between ultrasonic extraction and soak extraction, effect of extraction conditions on pigment, and the optium conditions were found by using orthogonal test. Experiments indicated that the efficiency of ultrasonic extraction was higher than soak extraction. The optimum conditions were as follows: ratio of petals to solvent 1:80-1:100(g:mL), solvent 60% ethanol (pH value 2) and ultrasonic extraction for 30 min at 40℃. Then red solid pigment was obtained through filtration, vacuum concentration, extracting by petroleum ether and lyophilization. The average yield of pigment was 15%, and color scale was E1 cm1%(540 nm)=36.55. Two spots, red and yellow were acquired using paper chromatography to separate pigments. Two components were deter mined by UV-Vis absorption spectra and the color reaction separately.The result showed that the pigment were mixture of anthocyanins and flavones. Related Articles | Metrics

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Separation of Phenolic Compounds from the Product of Biomass by Deoxy-liquefaction LI Jin-hua;WANG Chao;YANG Zheng-yu 2010, 44 (3):  22-27.  Abstract ( 664 )   PDF (1308KB) ( 1106 )   Save The bio-petroleum obtained from cotton stalk by deoxy-liquefaction which is rich in phenol derivatives was rectified and the fraction of 180-260℃ was collected, in which the GC content of phenolic compounds was as high as 78.84%, the yield was about 45%. After the fraction was bathed with NaOH solution, the oil phase and water phase were separated. The phenolic compounds in water phase were separated by adsorption with the organobentonite and extraction with the organic solvent, and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that high purity of phenolic compounds were obtained by organic solvent extraction method and the relative content in organic solvent and the purity after separation were up to 93.89% and 93.63%, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Dynamic Changes of Ginkgolide in Ginkgo biloba Linn. Leaves by Supercritical CO2 PAN Xin;GU Xi-rong;ZHUANG Xiao-wei;CHEN Shun-wei 2010, 44 (3):  28-31.  Abstract ( 611 )   PDF (820KB) ( 979 )   Save Dynamic changes of mass fraction of ginkgolides (ginkgolides A, B, C) and the total amount of ginkgoides obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction in different timeframe were studied using Ginkgo biloba Linn. leaves as material. HPLC method combined with evaporative light scattering detector was applied to deter mine the mass fraction of ginkgolides. The results showed that the total amount of ginkgolides decreased with time. In the first 40 min, the amount of ginkgolides obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction was 55.9% of total. But the trends of the dynamic changes of mass fraction of ginkgolides were increased first and then decreased. Ginkgolide A has the highest value in 60-80 min period of time and the mass fraction was 0.403%. Real-time mass fraction of ginkgolides B, C have the highest value in 40-60 min period of time and the mass fraction were 0.289% and 0.246%, respectively. The total amount of ginkgolides A,B,C decreased with the extension of time, and reached the highest in 0-20 min about 33.6%,33.3% and 35.4%, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Technical Design and Application Analysis of Tannery Wastewater Treatment CHEN Yu-ping;TAN Jun-li;TANG Hong-liang;LU Tao-li;YANG De-qin 2010, 44 (3):  32-35.  Abstract ( 715 )   PDF (878KB) ( 929 )   Save The reasonable technics for tannery wastewater treatment were advanced base on analysis and summany of wastewater discharge in tannery field of China. The water quality was stable and reached the first standard in 《Integrated Wastewater Discharge standard》(GB 8978-1996) by coagulation-flotation and SBR process. The feasibility and application of the technics were analysed according to the example. The direction of technics improvement was also pointed out. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of B/Ti-based Composite Catalyst in Synthetic Borneol Production CHEN Shang-he;JIANG Mei-yu;HUANG Xing 2010, 44 (3):  36-39.  Abstract ( 697 )   PDF (787KB) ( 1256 )   Save The self-made B/Ti composite catalyst was prepared for production of synthetic borneol. The results showed that the anhydrous oxalic acid and composite catalyst were added at the same time. The reaction was carried out at normal pressure and technology difficulty was low. The operation was simple and easy, and the reaction condition was mild. The reactor of esterification can be used in bigger volume (2000L), which is seven times in volume to the reactor for boron oxide catalytic esterification. Conversion of α-pinene in esterification increased from 55%-57% to 62%. The consumption of turpentine reduced from 3.7-3.8 t/t to 2.72 t/t compared with the present technology. The total yield of white oil which had high value and low boiling point was high. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Research and Development Tendency about the Technical Standards of China Activated Carbon DAI Wei-di;SUN Kang 2010, 44 (3):  40-44.  Abstract ( 697 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1980 )   Save The current research situation of technical standards of activated carbon products was summarized. The situation faced by the formulation and amendment of standards was analyzed. And achievements and problems of the formulation and amendment work were summed up. According to the current situation and the future development of activated carbon industry, some advices about formulation and amendment of the activated carbon industry standards were taken out to promote our country's activated carbon industry to better develop in marketability, formalization, intensification and modernized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Process on Synthesis of Derivatives of Nopol, Nopinic Acid and Nopinone GAO Yan-qing;SHANG Shi-bin;;LI Jian;GAO Hong; 2010, 44 (3):  45-49.  Abstract ( 848 )   PDF (862KB) ( 1308 )   Save Methods to get nopol, nopinic acid and nopinone from β-pinene were summarized, and different methods were compared. The synthesis and application value of derivatives of nopol, nopinic acid and nopinone were also summarized. It was indicated that there was good ecnomic benefit to utilize the abundant turpentine, carry out the further processing of β-pinene, exploite derivatives of terpene. The exploitation and application of β-pinene were prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Research Progress on Thermoplastic Biocomposites Based on Polycaprolactone JIN Li-wei;CHU Fu-xiang 2010, 44 (3):  50-53.  Abstract ( 770 )   PDF (762KB) ( 1527 )   Save Studies on polycaprolactone-based biocomposites in recent years have been listed. Those materials which were adopted to modify polycaprolactone include starch, polylactide, protein, chitosan, cellulose, and so on. The morphology of composite indicated the inefficiency of interfacial adhesion between polycaprolactone and those hydrophilic polymers. The incorporation of compatibilizer or grafting reaction could increase the interaction of blends and improve the mechanical properties of biocom-posites. These different processes and technologies applied in preparing polycaprolactone-based biocomposites also have been compared. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biomass Pyrolysis Technology for Liquid Oil Production LU Ran-ran;SHANG Hui;LI Jun 2010, 44 (3):  54-59.  Abstract ( 998 )   PDF (793KB) ( 3275 )   Save Biomass liquefaction technology, main reactor types for biomass pyrolysis and their development status in domestic and aboard were described. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, co-liquefaction of biomass and coal, microwave assisted pyrolysis as well as thermal plasma biomass pyrolysis technologies were described, and the current kinetics of biomass pyrolysis were summarized. The future of biomass liquefaction technologies were prospected. Related Articles | Metrics