木质素化学降解及其在聚合物材料中应用的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2020.02.007

Abstract

Abstract:

As a kind of abundant renewable phenolic structure polymer, lignin could replace traditional fossil resources to be used in synthetizing polymer materials. Especially, its rigid aromatic macromolecular structure could give materials good thermal stability and mechanical performance. However, the complex chemical composition and molecular structure, lower reactivity of lignin limited its application. Chemical degradation had advantages of high efficiency, high selectivity and could be used widely. Compared to lignin, oligomers derived from lignin chemical degradation had more reactive functional groups, higher reactivity and better solubility, which would be beneficial to expanding the high value-added applications of lignin in the field of polymer materials. The current research progress on the chemical degradation of lignin and its products applications in polymer materials were mainly reviewed.

Key words: lignin, chemical degradation, oligomer, reactivity, polymer material

CLC Number:

TQ351

Qian YANG,Guifeng LIU,Guomin WU,Zhenwu KONG. Research Progress of Lignin Chemical Degradation and Its Applications in Polymer Materials[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(2): 40-50.

Figures/Tables 6

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结构单元 constitutional unit	结构单元质量分数mass fraction of structural units/%
结构单元 constitutional unit	针叶木softwood	阔叶木hardwood	草本植物herbage
对羟基苯基型p-hydroxyphenyl(H)	0.5~3.5	微量trace	10~25
愈创木基型guaiacyl(G)	90~95	25~50	25~50
紫丁香基型syringyl(S)	0~1	50~75	25~50

官能团functional group	阔叶木木质素hardwood lignin	针叶木木质素softwood lignin
羰基carbonyl	15	20
甲氧基methoxyl	140~160	90~95
醇羟基alcoholic hydroxyl	110~115	115~120
酚羟基phenolic hydroxyl	10~20	20~30

木质素种类 lignin	元素组成 element composition	官能团 functional group	相对分子质量 relative molecular weight	溶解性 solubility
木质素磺酸盐 lignin sulfonate	C、H、O、S	OH、OCH₃、SO₃H	1000~61000	水、乙二醇、二甲基亚砜等 water, DMSO, ethylene glycol, etc
硫酸盐木质素 kraft lignin	C、H、O、S	OH、OCH₃、SH	1000~15000	碱性溶液(pH＞10)、丙酮、二甲酰胺等 alkaline solutions(pH＞10), dimethyl amide, acetone, etc.
碱木质素alkali lignin	C、H、O	OH、OCH₃	800~3000	碱性溶液alkaline solutions
有机溶剂可溶木质素 organosolv lignin	C、H、O	OH、OCH₃、COOR	500~5000	稀碱性溶液、有机溶剂 dilute alkaline solutions，organic solvents

植物种类 floristics	氧化产物得率yield of oxidation products/%			芳香醛物质的量分数fraction of aromatic aldehydes/%
植物种类 floristics	香草醛 vanillin	紫丁香醛 syringaldehyde	对羟基苯甲醛 p-hydroxy benzaldehyde	香草醛 vanillin	紫丁香醛 syringaldehyde	对羟基苯甲醛 p-hydroxy benzaldehyde
云杉spruce	33.9	微量trace	微量trace	100.0	0	0
桦树birch	14.1	34.2	—	29.4	70.6	0
稻草rice straw	16.0	6.8	11.7	43.5	17.4	39.1
枫香树liquidambar formosana hance	10.3	23.4	—	30.3	69.7	0
毛竹 phyllostachys pubescens	19.0	25.7	7.9	35.7	50.0	14.3
麦草wheat straw	7.0	6.2	1.5	50.0	35.0	15.0

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[5]	Jiaxing ZHOU,Zhiming LIU,Xu LI. Effect of Aluminum Hypophosphite Addition on Flame Retardancy of Alkali Lignin Based Polyurethane Foam [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(2): 1-6.
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Research Progress of Lignin Chemical Degradation and Its Applications in Polymer Materials

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