碱土金属氧化物基催化剂催化热解生物质研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2021.06.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods for the efficient conversion and utilization of biomass. However, the target product, known as bio-oil, is difficult to utilize directly due to its high oxygen content and complex components. Fast pyrolysis of biomass catalyzed by alkaline earth metal oxides is able to remove the oxygen of the pyrolysis products in the form of CO₂ and H₂O, thereby improving the bio-oil quality. This review summarized the reaction mechanism (ketonization, aldol condensation, ring opening and side-chain scission) involved in the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass with the typical alkaline earth metal oxides-based catalysts. Also, the effects of catalysts (CaO, MgO, alkaline earth metal-based zeolites and activated carbons), raw biomass, pyrolysis temperature, catalyst amount, residence time, catalytic fast pyrolysis method and catalyst deactivation on the yield and quality of bio-oil were discussed. Finally, the application of biomass catalytic pyrolysis for producing high-quality bio-oil was prospected, which was expected to provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of biomass resources.

Key words: biomass, catalytic pyrolysis, alkaline earth metal oxides, bio-oil

CLC Number:

TQ35
TK6

Yang LI, Kai LI, Zhenxi ZHANG, Shiyu FENG, Bin HU, Qiang LU. Research Progress on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass with Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide-based Catalysts[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2021, 55(6): 39-48.

Figures/Tables 5

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Table 1

References 66

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催化剂类型	原料	催化剂/反应器	主要结论	参考文献
碱土金属氧化物(CaO和MgO)	玉米芯	CaO、TG-FTIR	烃类物质摩尔分数提高19.83%、酸类物质摩尔分数降低75.88%	[9]
碱土金属氧化物(CaO和MgO)	松木	CaO-MgO、螺旋热解反应器	有效固定CO₂、提高生物油的pH值和热值	[33]
基于碱土金属氧化物的分子筛催化剂	竹屑	CaO和HZSM-5的双层床料、微型热解器	有效抑制酸类等物质的生成、增加生物油的氢碳比和热值	[39]
基于碱土金属氧化物的分子筛催化剂	松木	CaO和HZSM-5的混合物、微波热解器	当CaO和HZSM-5的质量比为1∶4时，芳烃产物的选择性可达35.77%，比仅使用HZSM-5提高17%	[37]
基于碱土金属氧化物的活性炭催化剂	杜氏盐藻	MgO/AC、Py-GC/MS	增加产物中芳烃的产率，并抑制含氧化合物和不饱和脂肪烃的生成	[47]
其他催化剂	麻风树屑	Fe/CaO和Ni/CaO、Py-GC/MS	减少醛类生成的同时提高对脂肪烃的选择性	[48]

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Research Progress on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass with Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide-based Catalysts

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