热解温度和生物质类型对生物炭吸附U(Ⅵ)性能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2020.05.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Biochar(BC) was made by pyrolysis of rice husk, bamboo and Chinese fir sawdust at different temperature, which respectively labeled DBC, ZBC and MBC in turn. The physicochemical properties of the product were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive X-ray(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The adsorption characteristic and mechanism of BC to U(Ⅵ) were studied by batch adsorption experiments. The results showed that, as the temperature increased from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃, the pH value and ash content of the three kinds of biochars increased, but the yield decreased. Meanwhile, the characterization of both ZBC and DBC was also changing with increasing pyrolysis temperature, such as the crystallinity of the carbon fiber and content of oxygen-containing functional groups decreased, the proportions of inorganic elements and pore shapes increased, and the surface was rougher. The adsorption processes on the three kinds of BCs were more consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model(R₂²>0.96), and the adsorption equilibrium time was 3 h at reaction temperature 25 ℃, pH value 4, solid-liquid ratio 1:1(g:L). The adsorption isotherms of the three kinds of BCs were more consistent with Langmuir model, which indicated that chemical adsorption was the main process. The largest adsorption capacity of ZBC700 was 18.55 mg/g. The abilities of ZBC and DBC to adsorb U(Ⅵ) were enhanced with increasing pyrolysis temperature, simultaneously, the contribution utility of cation-π and ion exchange was increasing. Nevertheless, the relationship between the ability of MBC to adsorb U(Ⅵ) and pyrolysis temperature was not obvious, and the adsorption capacities of ZBC and DBC were higher than that of MBC at the same pyrolysis temperature.

Key words: biochar, pyrolysis temperature, biomass type, U(Ⅵ), adsorption

CLC Number:

Peng LYU,Guanghui WANG,Bing WANG,Deyu HU. Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Biomass Type on Adsorption of U(Ⅵ) by Biochar[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(5): 15-24.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 36

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原料 raw material	工业分析industrial analysis/%					元素分析elemental analysis/%				热值/(MJ·kg^-1) calorific value
原料 raw material	水分 moisture	灰分 ash	挥发分 volatile	固定碳 fixed carbon		C	H	N	S	热值/(MJ·kg^-1) calorific value
竹子bamboo	7.51	4.45	77.68	10.36	6	48.82	5.99	0.38	0.11	18.521
杉木Chinese fir	12.04	1.13	75.56	11.27		49.85	6.32	0.11	0.08	19.564
稻壳rice husk	6.58	16.91	70.31	6.2		47.21	6.83	0.85	0.64	15.826

生物炭 biochar	产率/% yield	灰分/% ash	pH值 pH value
ZBC300	54.93	0.53	6.30
ZBC400	34.22	0.80	6.53
ZBC500	30.07	1.46	7.49
ZBC600	28.70	6.27	8.55
ZBC700	26.49	10.41	9.81
DBC300	64.83	23.89	6.31
DBC400	52.80	38.60	7.70
DBC500	46.68	44.62	8.82
DBC600	39.86	42.38	9.71
DBC700	41.25	43.12	10.50
MBC300	65.23	0.12	6.40
MBC400	36.46	1.11	6.51
MBC500	33.72	3.06	7.02
MBC600	32.07	3.84	7.82
MBC700	27.41	3.23	8.49

元素 element	质量分数mass fraction/%					原子比atomic ratio/%
元素 element	MBC500	ZBC300	ZBC700	DBC300	DBC700	MBC500	ZBC300	ZBC700	DBC300	DBC700
C	87.35	72.74	86.67	58.57	53.73	91.12	79.61	90.27	70.03	65.96
N	0	0.8	1.64	0.82	0.85	0	0.79	1.77	0.81	0.96
O	10.78	25.78	7.02	28.14	14.48	8.49	19.57	5.61	22.28	14.40
Mn	1.15	2.04	2.38	0.63	1.33	0.22	0.98	1.51	0.15	0.70
Fe	1.43	1.56	2.2	0	0	0.51	0.39	0.84	0	0
Si	0	0	0	14.20	29.96	0	0	0	6.46	17.98

生物炭 biochar	实验吸附量/(mg·g^-1) experimental adsorption	准一级吸附动力学拟合参数 pseudo-first-order kinetic fitting parameter			准二级吸附动力学拟合参数 pseudo-second-order kinetic fitting parameter
生物炭 biochar	实验吸附量/(mg·g^-1) experimental adsorption	R₁²	k₁/min^-1	Q_e/(mg·g^-1)	R₂²	k₂/(g·mg^-1·min^-1)	Q_e/(mg·g^-1)
MBC300	4.70	0.992	0.139	4.48	0.991	0.042	4.81
MBC400	5.18	0.921	0.121	4.64	0.961	0.037	5.22
MBC500	4.30	0.917	0.113	3.77	0.965	0.033	4.19
MBC600	4.53	0.978	0.058	4.41	0.991	0.015	4.95
MBC700	4.11	0.988	0.006	4.17	0.971	0.001	5.09
DBC300	4.77	0.961	0.044	4.34	0.984	0.010	5.02
DBC400	6.04	0.961	0.036	5.72	0.980	0.007	6.58
DBC500	5.90	0.983	0.033	5.61	0.996	0.006	6.62
DBC600	6.03	0.987	0.054	5.93	0.993	0.010	6.70
DBC700	5.12	0.993	0.079	4.97	0.996	0.018	5.52
ZBC300	5.98	0.988	0.080	5.70	0.999	0.002	5.70
ZBC400	5.71	0.992	0.079	5.56	0.991	0.016	6.18
ZBC500	8.34	0.965	0.127	7.52	0.991	0.021	8.18
ZBC600	6.96	0.974	0.133	6.42	0.995	0.028	6.91
ZBC700	5.24	0.983	0.123	5.14	0.996	0.033	5.51

生物炭 biochar	Langmuir			Freundilich
生物炭 biochar	Q_m/(mg·g^-1)	K_L/(L·mg^-1)	R₁²	K_F/((mg·g^-1)·(L·mg^-1))^1/n	n	R₂²
MBC300	3.13±0.11	0.13±0.02	0.981	0.77±0.12	0.35±0.05	0.925
MBC400	3.18±0.08	0.23±0.03	0.973	1.26±0.17	0.23±0.04	0.875
MBC500	3.41±0.10	0.25±0.04	0.960	1.39±0.17	0.23±0.04	0.882
MBC600	3.05±0.10	0.16±0.02	0.977	0.90±0.13	0.31±0.05	0.909
MBC700	3.56±0.06	0.10±0.005	0.997	0.71±0.07	0.39±0.03	0.973
ZBC300	8.59±0.44	0.09±0.01	0.982	1.50±0.29	0.42±0.06	0.927
ZBC400	10.78±0.87	0.05±0.01	0.984	1.01±0.20	0.55±0.06	0.959
ZBC500	14.27±1.30	0.05±0.01	0.978	1.44±0.36	0.53±0.08	0.935
ZBC600	12.59±0.39	0.073±0.01	0.995	1.82±0.21	0.46±0.04	0.978
ZBC700	18.55±1.83	0.04±0.01	0.984	1.36±0.32	0.59±0.07	0.954
DBC300	7.47±0.33	0.09±0.01	0.985	1.33±0.24	0.42±0.06	0.934
DBC400	12.41±0.48	0.07±0.01	0.992	1.80±0.30	0.46±0.05	0.957
DBC500	13.24±0.46	0.11±0.01	0.987	2.82±0.47	0.38±0.05	0.931
DBC600	12.61±0.27	0.10±0.01	0.995	2.58±0.28	0.39±0.03	0.971
DBC700	15.54±0.30	0.09±0.01	0.997	2.90±0.36	0.41±0.04	0.966

Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Biomass Type on Adsorption of U(Ⅵ) by Biochar

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