咖啡渣活性炭的制备、表征及其对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附机制研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2020.04.001

Abstract

Abstract:

The preparation conditions of activated carbon from coffee grounds, including activation temperature, activation time and impregnation ratio, were studied by using the response surface methodology with iodine adsorption value as evaluation index. And the effects of adsorption time, initial pH value and temperature on the Cr(Ⅵ) removal by the obtained activated carbon were investigated. In addition, the kinetic data were fitted by pseudo-first-order equation, pseudo-second-order equation and infra-particle diffusion model, and the equilibrium data was analyzed by using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The experimental results showed that the activated carbon had the best performance under the optimum conditions of activation time 1 h, activation temperature 498℃ and impregnation ratio 1.72. Under these conditions, the yield of activated carbon was 30.4%, and the iodine adsorption value got up to (799±16) mg/g, the relative surface area could reach 1 006 m²/g, the total pore volume was 0.799 cm³/g, the t-Plot micropore volume was 0.051 cm³/g and the average pore size was 3.088 nm. The adsorption data fitted Langmuir isotherm model. Higher temperature and lower pH could promote the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on activated carbon. The adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on activated carbon was divided into three stages:fast adsorption stage, slow adsorption stage and adsorption equilibrium stage, the total adsorption of 79% was completed in 10 min, the adsorption process could reach equilibrium in 360 min, and the pseudo-second-order equation generated the best agreement with the experimental data for the adsorption systems. The results showed that the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on the obtained activated carbon was chemical adsorption with monomolecular layer.

Key words: coffee grounds, response surface methodology, activated carbon, Cr(Ⅵ), adsorption properties

CLC Number:

TQ35

Jie REN,Li WAN,Nanwei CHEN,Fan YANG,Shuiyu SUN,Suizhou REN. Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coffee Grounds and Its Adsorption Mechanism for Cr(Ⅵ)[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(4): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

References 37

1	YANG L X , NAZARI L , XU C B , et al. Hydrothermal liquefaction of spent coffee grounds in water medium for bio-oil production[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2016, 86, 191- 198. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.02.005
2	MUSSATTO S I , MACHADO E M S , MARTINS S , et al. Production, composition, and application of coffee and its industrial residues[J]. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2011, 4 (5): 661- 672. doi: 10.1007/s11947-011-0565-z
3	HALSTEAD T.Coffee: world markets and trade[R].United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service, 2016.
4	SILVA M A , NEBRA S A , MACHADO SILVA M J , et al. The use of biomass residues in the Brazilian soluble coffee industry[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 1998, 14 (5/6): 457- 467.
5	刘敬勇, 陈佳聪, 孙水裕, 等. 城市污水污泥与咖啡渣的混燃特性分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36 (10): 3784- 3794.
6	KELKAR S , SAFFRON C M , CHAI L , et al. Pyrolysis of spent coffee grounds using a screw-conveyor reactor[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2015, 137, 170- 178. doi: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.04.006
7	JEGUIRIM M , LIMOUSY L , DUTOURNIE P . Pyrolysis kinetics and physicochemical properties of agropellets produced from spent ground coffee blended with conventional biomass[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2014, 92 (10): 1876- 1882. doi: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.04.018
8	ROCHA M V P , MATOS L J B L D , LIMA L P D , et al. Ultrasound-assisted production of biodiesel and ethanol from spent coffee grounds[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 167, 343- 348. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.032
9	PASSOS C P , MOREIRA A S P , DOMINGUES M R M , et al. Sequential microwave superheated water extraction of mannans from spent coffee grounds[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014, 103, 333- 338. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.053
10	OBRUCA S , BENESOVA P , PETRIK S , et al. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using hydrolysate of spent coffee grounds[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2014, 49 (9): 1409- 1414. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.05.013
11	陈楠纬, 孙水裕, 任杰, 等. 咖啡渣燃烧特性及动力学研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2015, 35 (9): 2942- 2947.
12	MA X D , OUYANG F . Adsorption properties of biomass-based activated carbon prepared with spent coffee grounds and pomelo skin by phosphoric acid activation[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 268, 566- 570. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.009
13	REFFAS A , BERNARDET V , DAVID B , et al. Carbons prepared from coffee grounds by H₃PO₄ activation:Characterization and adsorption of methylene blue and Nylosan Red N-2RBL[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 175 (1 / 2 / 3): 779- 788.
14	任杰, 孙水裕, 韩大健, 等. 咖啡渣制备活性炭工艺及其吸附性能[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36 (11): 4127- 4136.
15	WANG C H , WEN W C , HSU H C , et al. High-capacitance KOH-activated nitrogen-containing porous carbon material from waste coffee grounds in supercapacitor[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2016, 27 (4): 1387- 1395. doi: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.04.033
16	张晓雪, 王欣. 磷酸活化沙柳制备活性炭工艺[J]. 林业工程学报, 2016, 1 (3): 56- 62.
17	BOX G E P , HUNTER W G , HUNTER J S . Statistics for Experimerits:An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building[M]. New York: Wiley, 1978.
18	贺强礼, 刘文斌, 杨海君, 等. 1株对叔丁基邻苯二酚降解菌的筛选鉴定及响应面法优化及其降解[J]. 环境科学, 2015, 36 (7): 2695- 2706.
19	刘斌, 杨继亮, 马叶, 等. 磷酸活化法制备梧桐叶活性炭及表征[J]. 林产工业, 2013, 6, 35- 40.
20	QADA E N E , ALLEN S J , WALKER G M . Adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon produced from steam activated bituminous coal:A study of equilibrium adsorption isotherm[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2006, 124, 103- 110. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2006.08.015
21	周曰, 潘卫国, 郭瑞堂, 等. 用磷酸活化法制备甘蔗渣活性炭及其吸附性能研究[J]. 上海电力学院学报, 2013, 29 (1): 97- 100. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4729.2013.01.024
22	朱光真, 邓先伦. 磷酸法制备活性炭活化机理研究[J]. 安徽农业科技, 2011, 39 (30): 18653- 18655.
23	崔丹丹, 蒋剑春, 孙康, 等. 高比表面积竹质活性炭的制备与性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2010, 30 (5): 57- 60.
24	李坤权, 李烨, 郑正, 等. 富含中孔与酸性基团的生物质炭的制备与吸附性能[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34 (6): 2479- 2485.
25	薛广钊, 侯贵华, 乔仁静, 等. 稻壳基高比表面积介孔活性炭的制备与表征[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016, 10 (1): 375- 378.
26	陈杰, 袁才登, 李海朝, 等. 狼毒根活性炭的制备及性能表征[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2015, 29 (5): 1161- 1166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2015.00.023
27	庄晓伟, 陈顺伟, 李良隆, 等. 竹炭粒径对竹活性炭的吸附性能与孔结构的影响[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2011, 45 (3): 27- 30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2011.03.006
28	王宇, 高宝玉, 岳文文, 等. 改性玉米秸秆对水中磷酸根的吸附动力学研究[J]. 环境科学, 2008, 29 (3): 703- 708. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0250-3301.2008.03.027
29	HAMADI N K , CHEN X D , FARID M M , et al. Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution by adsorbents derived from used tyres and sawdust[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2001, 84 (2): 95- 105. doi: 10.1016/S1385-8947(01)00194-2
30	HUANG G L , SHI J X , LANGRISH T A G . Removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution using activated carbon modified with nitric acid[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009, 152 (2/3): 434- 439.
31	黄色燕, 刘云凤, 曹威, 等. 改性稻草对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学[J]. 环境化学, 2013, 32 (2): 240- 248.
32	马叶.改性活性炭吸附水中六价铬离子的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学, 2015.
33	黄福, 张帆, 王波, 等. 还原态氧化石墨烯对Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学与热力学[J]. 化学应用, 2014, 31 (12): 1458- 1463.
34	李坤权, 王艳锦, 杨美蓉, 等. 多胺功能化介孔炭对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学与机制[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35 (8): 3198- 3205.
35	岳钦艳, 解建坤, 高宝玉, 等. 污泥活性炭对染料的吸附动力学研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2007, 27 (9): 1431- 1438. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2468.2007.09.004
36	HO Y S . Second-rder kinetic model for the sorption of cadmium onto tree fern:A comparison of linear and non-linear methods[J]. Water Research, 2006, 40 (1): 119- 125. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.10.040
37	MOHAN S V , RAO N C , KARTHIKEYAN J . Adsorptive removal of direct azo dye from aqueous phase onto coal based sorbents:A kinetic and mechanistic study[J]. Hazardous Materials, 2002, 90, 189- 204. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00348-X

序号 No.	X₁ 活化时间/h activation time	X₂ 活化温度/℃ activation temperature	X₃ 浸渍比值 dipping ratio	碘吸附值iodine adsorption value/(mg·g^-1)
序号 No.	X₁ 活化时间/h activation time	X₂ 活化温度/℃ activation temperature	X₃ 浸渍比值 dipping ratio	实测值 actual value	预测值 expected value
1	1	350	1	543.31	543.00
2	0.5	450	1	678.57	686.78
3	1	450	1.5	769.72	775.13
4	0.5	550	1.5	762.08	757.72
5	0.5	350	1.5	508.72	501.23
6	1	350	2	576.72	580.57
7	1	450	1.5	780.00	775.13
8	1.5	350	1.5	603.39	607.75
9	0.5	450	2	701.54	705.18
10	1.5	550	1.5	711.39	718.88
11	1.5	450	1	699.05	695.40
12	1	550	1	724.62	720.77
13	1	450	1.5	763.212	775.13
14	1.5	450	2	772.43	764.23
15	1	550	2	769.32	770.03
16	1	450	1.5	783.61	775.13
17	1	450	1.5	779.14	775.13

方差来源 source	平方和 sum of squares	自由度 degree of freedom	均方 mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性¹⁾ significant
模型model	128612.70	9	14290.3	160.10	< 0.0001	**
X₁	2289.75	1	2289.75	25.65	0.0015	**
X₂	67574.07	1	67574.07	757.07	< 0.0001	**
X₃	3804.54	1	3804.54	42.62	0.0003	**
X₁X₂	5281.80	1	5281.80	59.17	0.0001	**
X₁X₃	635.54	1	635.54	7.12	0.0321	*
X₂X₃	31.85	1	31.85	0.36	0.5691
X₁²	5060.26	1	5060.26	56.69	0.0001	**
X₂²	37261.34	1	37261.34	417.46	< 0.0001	**
X₃²	3200.71	1	3200.71	35.86	0.0005	**
残差residual	624.80	7	89.26
失拟项lack of fit	341.92	3	113.97	1.61	0.3202
纯误差pure error	282.88	4	70.72
总和total	129237.5	16

[1]	Xiaopeng JIAN,Wei XU,Xinglong HOU,Shicai LIU. Research Progress on Activated Carbon Modification Technology [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(5): 66-72.
[2]	Ruting XU,Wei XU,Xincheng LU,Kang SUN. Novel Demineralization Technology of Phosphate-activated Carbon [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(4): 37-41.
[3]	Yao LI,Miao YU,Dong LYU,Lijuan WANG. Preparation and Properties of Cattail-leaf-based Activated Carbon [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(3): 9-17.
[4]	Haiyan FEI,Yaping TIAN,Han LI,Fangyu FAN,Changming WANG,Zhifeng ZHENG. Preparation and Characteristics of Micropore Activated Carbon from Camellia oleifera Shell [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(3): 25-30.
[5]	Congjing DENG,Huanhuan MA,Jianbin ZHOU. Characterization of Modified Apricot Shell Activated Carbon and Its Adsorption Properties on Ethylene [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(5): 1-8.
[6]	Xuemei LIU,Chuang MA,Jiaxi TAO. Preparation of Oxalic Acid Modified Bagasse Carbon and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Cr(Ⅵ) [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(4): 37-44.
[7]	Wenying TAN,Xiaohong CHENG,Shuo LI,Yuxiang YANG. Preparation of Cotton Stalk Based Activated Carbon by KOH Activation and Its Adsorption Capacity for Phenol Wastewater [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(2): 13-18.
[8]	Erqiang YIN,Shichao WANG,Hengxue XIANG,Zhe ZHOU,Meifang ZHU. Preparation and Properties of Melt-spun Kraft Hardwood Lignin-based Activated Carbon Fibers [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(2): 26-34.
[9]	Xueqin LI,Zhiwei WANG,Miao YANG,Tingzhou LEI,Haiyan XU,Xiaofeng HE. Optimization of Preparation Technology of Peanut Shell Based Activated Carbon by Response Surface Model [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(2): 54-60.
[10]	Kechun LI,Jianfang LU,Fuhou LEI,Juying ZHOU,Haitang XU,Yanzhi ZHAO. Structural Characterization of Rosin-based Magnetic Microspheres and Their Adsorption Properties of Cr(Ⅵ) [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(1): 17-24.
[11]	Yani PAN,Xiaoyun TIAN,Yinsheng DONG. Effects of Additives in H₃PO₄ Solution on Properties of Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell [J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2019, 53(1): 40-46.
[12]	WANG Yonggui, REN Shuzhi, GENG Qingbao, ZHANG Weigang, GE Xiutao. Optimization of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Preparation from Hydrolysis of Maltose Dehydration by Response Surface Methodology [J]. bce, 2018, 52(6): 57-61.
[13]	MA Yu, LI Hui, HE Wen, YU Jintao, XIAO Shuning, TAN Wenying. Adsorption Properties of Cr(Ⅵ) on Modified Chestnut Envelope Split [J]. bce, 2018, 52(4): 23-28.
[14]	LI Shaoni, SUN Kang, SHEN Yehua, LI Cong, LI Jihui. Preparation of Mesoporous-activated Carbon from Amygdalus Pedunculata Shell by Steam Activation [J]. bce, 2018, 52(3): 9-15.
[15]	LIN Xing, YANG Xuan, CAI Zhenghan, LIN Guanfeng, LI Yuhua, HUANG Biao. Activated Carbon Prepared with Phosphoric Acid Activation by Mechanical Force Pretreatment Method and Conventional Method [J]. bce, 2018, 52(3): 29-34.

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coffee Grounds and Its Adsorption Mechanism for Cr(Ⅵ)

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 37

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments