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生物质化学工程 ›› 2019, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 15-21.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2019.06.003

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

活塞式航空发动机燃用生物航煤与RP-3燃料的适用性对比

杨飞1(),陈伟1,张晨1,罗刚1,*(),徐俊明2,李芳琳2   

  1. 1. 南京航空航天大学 能源与动力学院; 航空发动机热环境与热结构工业和信息化部重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210016
    2. 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-16 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 罗刚 E-mail:390557609@qq.com;mevislab@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨飞(1992—),男,江苏如皋人,硕士生,主要从事生物替代航空燃料研究工作; E-mail: 390557609@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770612)

Comparative Study on Applicability of Bio Aviation Kerosene for Piston Aero Engine and RP-3 Fuel

Fei YANG1(),Wei CHEN1,Chen ZHANG1,Gang LUO1,*(),Junming XU2,Fanglin LI2   

  1. 1. Aero-engine Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
    2. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
  • Received:2018-10-16 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-12-10
  • Contact: Gang LUO E-mail:390557609@qq.com;mevislab@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770612)

摘要:

以大豆油为原料,经催化裂解、精馏、芳构化和加氢过程制备生物航煤,并分析了其组成及理化性能;进一步采用活塞式航空发动机进行发动机台架试验,对比分析了生物航煤与RP-3燃料的燃用适用性。研究结果表明:生物航煤的基本组成为直链烷烃74.54%、环烷烃13.04%、芳香烃10.31%、醚类1.07%和非α-链烯烃1.04%;生物航煤的热值较高(44.4 MJ/kg),冰点低(-48 ℃),但黏度较高(2.11 mm2/s)。与RP-3燃料相比,生物航煤具有更低的启动温度;温升速度(相差4 ℃之内)、油耗(相差小于0.02 g/s)与RP-3燃料接近,当发动机转速超过4 200 r/min时,过量空气系数波动较大(0.8~1.2),燃烧状态恶化。台架试验后发动机拆解检查发现,燃用生物航煤后出现结焦积炭现象,这是由于该批次生物航煤黏度较大(>2 mm2/s),对雾化效率、燃烧充分程度等发动机工作性能产生影响。

关键词: 生物航煤, 活塞发动机, 台架试验, 过量空气系数, 结焦

Abstract:

Bio aviation kerosene was prepared from soybean oil by catalytic cracking, distillation, aromatization and hydrogenation, and its composition and physicochemical properties were analyzed. A piston aero-engine was used to start the bench test, and the applicabilities of bio aviation kerosene and RP-3 fuel were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the basic components of bio aviation kerosene were straight-chain alkanes 74.54%, naphthenes 13.04%, aromatic hydrocarbons 10.31%, ethers 1.07% and non-alpha-chain olefins 1.04%. The calorific value of bio aviation kerosene was high(44.4 MJ/kg), freezing point was low(-48 ℃), but its viscosity was high(2.11 mm2/s). Compared with RP-3 fuel, bio aviation kerosene had lower start-up temperature; temperature rise rate(within 4 ℃ difference), fuel consumption(less than 0.02 g/s difference) were close to those of RP-3 fuel, the excess air coefficient fluctuated greatly(0.8-1.2) when engine speed exceeded 4 200 r/min, and those of combustion state deteriorated; engine disassembly inspection after bench test showed that coking occured after burning bio aviation kerosene. The phenomenon of carbon deposition was due to the high viscosity(>2 mm2/s) of bio aviation kerosene in this batch, which had an impact on the working performance of engines such as atomization efficiency and combustion adequacy.

Key words: bio aviation kerosene, piston engine, bench testing, excess air factor, coking

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