生物质化学工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 39-48.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2021.06.005
收稿日期:
2020-08-26
出版日期:
2021-11-30
发布日期:
2021-10-29
通讯作者:
陆强
E-mail:qlu@ncepu.edu.cn
作者简介:
陆强, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究领域: 固体燃料高效热化学转化; E-mail: qlu@ncepu.edu.cn基金资助:
Yang LI, Kai LI, Zhenxi ZHANG, Shiyu FENG, Bin HU, Qiang LU()
Received:
2020-08-26
Online:
2021-11-30
Published:
2021-10-29
Contact:
Qiang LU
E-mail:qlu@ncepu.edu.cn
摘要:
快速热解是生物质高效转化利用的重要方法之一,然而其目标产物生物油因含氧量高、组分复杂等不足而难以直接利用。通过在热解体系中引入碱土金属氧化物基催化剂,可以将热解产物中的氧元素以CO2和H2O等方式脱除,从而实现生物油品质的提升。总结了典型碱土金属氧化物基催化剂对生物质催化热解过程中发生的酮基化、羟醛缩合、开环和侧链断裂反应及机理,讨论了催化剂类型(CaO、MgO、基于碱土金属氧化物的分子筛和活性炭等)、生物质原料、温度、催化剂用量、停留时间、催化方式、催化剂失活等因素对生物油产率与品质的影响,并对生物质催化热解制备高品质生物油及其应用进行了展望。
中图分类号:
李洋, 李凯, 张镇西, 冯时宇, 胡斌, 陆强. 碱土金属氧化物基催化剂催化热解生物质研究进展[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2021, 55(6): 39-48.
Yang LI, Kai LI, Zhenxi ZHANG, Shiyu FENG, Bin HU, Qiang LU. Research Progress on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass with Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide-based Catalysts[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2021, 55(6): 39-48.
表1
碱土金属氧化物基催化剂催化热解生物质的实验研究"
催化剂类型 | 原料 | 催化剂/反应器 | 主要结论 | 参考文献 |
碱土金属氧化物(CaO和MgO) | 玉米芯 | CaO、TG-FTIR | 烃类物质摩尔分数提高19.83%、酸类物质摩尔分数降低75.88% | [ |
松木 | CaO-MgO、螺旋热解反应器 | 有效固定CO2、提高生物油的pH值和热值 | [ | |
基于碱土金属氧化物的分子筛催化剂 | 竹屑 | CaO和HZSM-5的双层床料、微型热解器 | 有效抑制酸类等物质的生成、增加生物油的氢碳比和热值 | [ |
松木 | CaO和HZSM-5的混合物、微波热解器 | 当CaO和HZSM-5的质量比为1∶4时,芳烃产物的选择性可达35.77%,比仅使用HZSM-5提高17% | [ | |
基于碱土金属氧化物的活性炭催化剂 | 杜氏盐藻 | MgO/AC、Py-GC/MS | 增加产物中芳烃的产率,并抑制含氧化合物和不饱和脂肪烃的生成 | [ |
其他催化剂 | 麻风树屑 | Fe/CaO和Ni/CaO、Py-GC/MS | 减少醛类生成的同时提高对脂肪烃的选择性 | [ |
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