炭基催化剂应用于热转化过程的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2022.05.011

生物质化学工程 ›› 2022, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 72-78.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2022.05.011

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炭基催化剂应用于热转化过程的研究进展

师晓鹏¹^,²^,⁴(), 张忠峰³, 王小茹¹^,², 李攀¹^,²^,⁴^,*(), 方书起¹^,²^,⁴, 常春¹^,²^,⁴

1. 煤基生态精细化工河南省工程实验室, 河南济源 454650
2. 郑州大学机械与动力工程学院, 河南郑州 450001
3. 华能洛阳热电有限责任公司, 河南洛阳 471000
4. 河南省生物基化学品绿色制造重点实验室, 河南濮阳 457000

收稿日期:2021-09-17 出版日期:2022-09-30 发布日期:2022-09-27
通讯作者: 李攀 E-mail:shixiaopengzzu@163.com;lipanhust@163.com
作者简介:李攀, 硕士生导师, 研究领域为生物质资源高值化利用; E-mail: lipanhust@163.com
师晓鹏(1996—), 男, 河南新乡人, 硕士生, 主要从事生物质资源化利用研究; E-mail: shixiaopengzzu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52006200);煤基生态精细化工河南省工程实验室开放课题项目(D202001);南阳市协同创新重大专项(郑州大学南阳研究院)(NRIZU2020CIP0006)

Research Progress of Carbon-based Catalysts Applied in Thermal Conversion Process

Xiaopeng SHI¹^,²^,⁴(), Zhongfeng ZHANG³, Xiaoru WANG¹^,², Pan LI¹^,²^,⁴^,*(), Shuqi FANG¹^,²^,⁴, Chun CHANG¹^,²^,⁴

1. Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province for Coal-based Ecological Fine Chemical, Jiyuan 454650, China
2. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
3. Huaneng Luoyang Thermal Power Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471000, China
4. Henan Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Biobased Chemicals, Puyang 457000, China

Received:2021-09-17 Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-09-27
Contact: Pan LI E-mail:shixiaopengzzu@163.com;lipanhust@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物炭具有环境友好、来源广泛、成本低廉等优点，作为催化剂及催化剂载体被广泛应用于热转化过程，但存在易结焦失活、产物定向调控机理尚不明确等问题。对生物质炭基催化剂应用于热转化过程的研究进行了综述，介绍了生物质炭基催化剂制备、改性(杂原子掺杂和金属负载)方案的研究现状。从常规催化热解、微波辅助热解、焦油脱除、酯化合成运输燃料和水热液化5个方面对炭基催化剂的应用进行讨论，并指出探索催化剂深层次的催化机理以及构建具有多级孔隙结构的炭基催化剂以定向生产高值化学品是未来的研究方向。

关键词: 炭基催化剂, 催化热解, 生物油, 焦油重整, 微波热解

Abstract:

Biochar had the advantages of environmental friendliness, wide sources, and low cost. It was widely used as catalyst and catalyst carrier in thermal conversion processes, while there were problems such as easy coking and inactivation and the unclear directional regulation mechanism of product. In this paper, the research progress on the application of biomass char-based catalysts for thermal conversion processes was reviewed, and the research status of preparation and modification(heteroatom doping and metal loading) schemes of biomass char-based catalysts were introduced. The application of char-based catalysts was discussed from five aspects: conventional catalytic pyrolysis, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, tar removal, esterification synthesis of transportation fuels, and hydrothermal liquefaction. Exploring the deep catalytic mechanism of catalysts and construct multistage char-based catalysts with multi-stage pore structure for targeted production of high-value chemicals were a future research direction as the future research directions.

Key words: char-based catalysts, catalytic pyrolysis, bio-oil, tar reforming, microwave pyrolysis

中图分类号:

TQ35
TK6

师晓鹏, 张忠峰, 王小茹, 李攀, 方书起, 常春. 炭基催化剂应用于热转化过程的研究进展[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2022, 56(5): 72-78.

Xiaopeng SHI, Zhongfeng ZHANG, Xiaoru WANG, Pan LI, Shuqi FANG, Chun CHANG. Research Progress of Carbon-based Catalysts Applied in Thermal Conversion Process[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2022, 56(5): 72-78.

图/表 2

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原料 raw material	催化剂 catalyst	反应器类型 reactor type	反应温度/℃ reaction temperature	参考文献 ref.
松木屑pine sawdust	CO₂活化生物炭 CO₂-activated char	固定床反应器 fix-bed reactor	600	[31]
废旧轮胎 tire scrap	杨木生物炭 poplar wood biochar	半间歇式反应器 semi-batch reactor	500	[32]
玉米秸秆 corn straw	酸洗/NaCl/KCl/MgCl₂/CaCl₂负载生物炭 acid-washed/NaCl/KCl/MgCl₂/CaCl₂ loaded biochar	两段式热解反应器 two-section pyrolysis reactor	550	[33]
竹子 bamboo	KOH/K₂CO₃/KHCO₃/CH₃COOK负载竹生物炭 KOH/K₂CO₃/KHCO₃/CH₃COOK loaded bamboo-derived biochar	两级固定床反应器 two-stage fixed-bed reactor	600	[34]

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炭基催化剂应用于热转化过程的研究进展

Research Progress of Carbon-based Catalysts Applied in Thermal Conversion Process

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