水稻秸秆渗滤床半固态厌氧发酵性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2020.01.001

生物质化学工程 ›› 2020, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 1-8.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5854.2020.01.001

• 研究报告 • 下一篇

水稻秸秆渗滤床半固态厌氧发酵性能研究

刘科^1,³(),贺静^2,*(),韦秀丽¹,蒋滔^1,³,唐宁¹,张德勇⁴

1. 重庆市农业科学院, 重庆 401329
2. 农业部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室, 四川成都 610041
3. 农业部农村可再生能源开发利用南方科学观测实验站, 重庆 401329
4. 农业废弃物资源化利用技术与设备研发重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 401329

收稿日期:2019-01-14 出版日期:2020-01-30 发布日期:2020-02-11
通讯作者: 贺静 E-mail:273021978@qq.com;hejing@caas.cn
作者简介:刘科(1982-),男,重庆人,工程师,硕士,主要从事农业生物环境与能源工程研究; E-mail:273021978@qq.com
基金资助:
重庆市社会民生重点项目(csts2017shms-zdyfX0052);农业部可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(2015005);农业部可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(2013005)

Research on Capability of Semi-solid Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw Using Percolation Bed Reactor

Ke LIU^1,³(),Jing HE^2,*(),Xiuli WEI¹,Tao JIANG^1,³,Ning TANG¹,Deyong ZHANG⁴

1. Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, China
2. Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China
3. Southern Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401329, China
4. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Waste Recycling Technology and Equipment R & D, Chongqing 401329, China

Received:2019-01-14 Online:2020-01-30 Published:2020-02-11
Contact: Jing HE E-mail:273021978@qq.com;hejing@caas.cn
Supported by:
重庆市社会民生重点项目(csts2017shms-zdyfX0052);农业部可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(2015005);农业部可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(2013005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以水稻秸秆为原料，利用自行设计的渗滤床反应器，对比研究了不同温度（20、25、30和35℃）及不同预处理方式（NaOH、生物试剂和沼液）对秸秆厌氧发酵产气性能、物能转化率、发酵后沼液性能和产气成本等方面的影响。实验结果表明：发酵后总固体（TS）质量分数稳定在13%~15%之间，属于半固态厌氧发酵，同时累积产气量与温度、发酵后COD及NH₃-N的变化量均呈极显著正相关。相同温度（20~30℃）条件下，经预处理后的水稻秸秆TS产气率较空白均有所提高；其中沼液预处理效果最为明显，35℃条件下，TS产气率及挥发性固体（VS）产甲烷率分别为154.0和55.2 mL/g，较空白样品分别提高25.1%和52.5%。同时，沼液预处理可显著提升厌氧发酵产气中的甲烷体积分数。各预处理样品TS产甲烷率及VS产甲烷率呈随温度（20~30℃）上升而增加的趋势，但产甲烷提升率随温度的上升而逐渐下降，将系统温度从20℃提升至25℃，各处理产甲烷率可提高90%以上。考虑到沼气工程罐体增温及产能收支平衡等因素，温度控制在25℃是经济性最好的策略模式。从产气成本上分析，自产沼液具有较佳的处理效果和较低的生产成本，每生产1 m³沼气的可变成本1.62元。

关键词: 水稻秸秆, 半固态发酵, 渗滤床反应器, 预处理, 沼液

Abstract:

The effects on the gas production and the energy conversion rate of straw anaerobic fermentation, the performance of biogas slurry and the gas production cost after fermentation were comparative researched under four different temperatures(20, 25, 30 and 35℃) and three different pretreatment methods(NaOH, biological reagents and biogas slurry) by self-designed leach bed reactors using rice straw as raw material. The results showed that the total solid(TS) mass fraction of substrate after fermentation reached a stable level at 13% to 15%-semi-solid anaerobic fermentation; also the cumulative gas production and temperature, the changes of COD and NH₃-N after fermentation were significantly correlated. It also showed that the TS biogas yield of rice straw after pre-treatment was higher than that of the untreated under the same temperature(20-30℃). The TS biogas production was 154.0 mL/g and volatile solids(VS) methane yield was 55.2 mL/g under 35℃, which increased 25.1% and 52.5% respectively comparing with those of the untreated sample. At the same time, the methane volume fraction in anaerobic fermentation gas production could be significantly improved by biogas slurry pretreatment. The methane yield of TS and VS increased, while the elevation rate of methane production gradually decreased with the increase of temperature (20-30℃). The methane production of all treatments could be increased by 90% when the fermentation temperature rose from 20 to 25℃. According to the analysis of gas production cost, the self-produced biogas slurry had better treatment effect and lower production cost. The variable cost for each 1 m³ of biogas produced was 1.62 yuan. Considering the warming of biogas fermentation tank and energy input-output balance, temperature control at 25℃ might be the optimal economic strategy mode.

Key words: rice straw, hemi-solid anaerobic digestion, percolation bed reactors, pre-treatment, biogas slurry

中图分类号:

TQ35

刘科,贺静,韦秀丽,蒋滔,唐宁,张德勇. 水稻秸秆渗滤床半固态厌氧发酵性能研究[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2020, 54(1): 1-8.

Ke LIU,Jing HE,Xiuli WEI,Tao JIANG,Ning TANG,Deyong ZHANG. Research on Capability of Semi-solid Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw Using Percolation Bed Reactor[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2020, 54(1): 1-8.

图/表 8

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预处理 pretreatments	发酵温度/℃ fermentation temperature	发酵前initial				发酵后final
预处理 pretreatments	发酵温度/℃ fermentation temperature	TS/%	pH值 pH value	COD/ (mg·L^-1)	NH₃-N/ (mg·L^-1)	TS/%	pH值 pH value	COD/ (mg·L^-1)	NH₃-N/ (mg·L^-1)
空白 blank sample	20	14.0	7.15	5680	34.4	13.2	6.62	7870	67.0
	25	15.0	7.26	9630	43.0	13.4	6.57	12450	69.7
	30	14.9	7.56	8450	30.6	14.2	6.84	14100	67.0
	35	14.3	7.43	9480	20.3	13.9	6.74	15720	80.2
NaOH	20	14.1	7.56	5550	37.1	14.2	7.23	7630	53.6
	25	14.8	8.72	6680	48.1	14.7	7.67	10100	80.4
	30	14.6	8.88	8860	44.3	14.1	7.36	13680	95.8
	35	14.4	8.92	9740	37.5	14.0	7.21	14520	110.4
生物试剂 bio-pretreatment	20	15.2	7.23	5640	38.9	14.9	6.77	8360	61.1
	25	14.5	7.43	6790	47.1	14.1	6.98	9230	91.0
	30	14.2	7.51	8670	43.0	13.3	6.77	12430	125.3
	35	13.8	7.46	9520	34.7	13.9	7.01	14310	130.3
沼液 biogas slurry	20	15.2	7.07	6370	46.4	15.0	6.54	9860	76.6
	25	14.7	7.19	7860	42.3	13.7	6.75	10260	111.9
	30	14.2	7.37	9620	38.3	13.6	6.42	16540	135.9
	35	14.0	7.28	10100	50.1	14.0	6.83	17640	178.5

预处理 pretreatments	发酵温度/℃ fermentation temperature	累积产气量/mL cumulative gas production	TS产气率/ (mL·g^-1) biogas yield of TS	累积产甲烷量/mL cumulative methane production	TS产甲烷率/ (mL·g^-1) methane yield of TS	VS产甲烷率/ (mL·g^-1) methane yield of VS
空白 blank sample	20	4530	30.2	1401	9.3	10.1
	25	11500	76.7	2841	18.9	20.5
	30	15170	101.1	3944	26.3	28.4
	35	18460	123.1	5019	33.5	36.2
NaOH	20	5360	35.7	1504	10.0	10.8
	25	12060	80.4	3213	21.4	23.2
	30	17470	116.5	4730	31.5	34.1
	35	16210	108.1	3614	24.1	26.0
生物试剂 bio-pretreatment	20	6320	42.1	1726	11.5	12.4
	25	17040	113.6	3892	25.9	28.0
	30	20200	134.7	5772	38.5	41.6
	35	21540	143.6	5998	40.0	43.2
沼液 biogas slurry	20	8960	59.7	2786	18.6	20.1
	25	17410	116.1	5337	35.6	38.5
	30	21910	146.1	7139	47.6	51.5
	35	23100	154.0	7658	51.1	55.2

预处理 pretreatments	最大干物质产气率/ (m³·t^-1) mass dry matter gas production rate	单位干物质试剂用量/ (kg·t^-1) unit dry matter reagent dosage	成本cost/(元·m^-3)
预处理 pretreatments	最大干物质产气率/ (m³·t^-1) mass dry matter gas production rate	单位干物质试剂用量/ (kg·t^-1) unit dry matter reagent dosage	预处理试剂 pretreatment reagent	原料 raw material	可变 variable
空白blank sample	123.1			2.03	2.03
NaOH	116.5	90.0	1.55	2.15	3.70
生物试剂bio-pretreatment	143.6	0.1	0.05	1.75	1.80
沼液biogas slurry	154.0			1.62	1.62

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水稻秸秆渗滤床半固态厌氧发酵性能研究

Research on Capability of Semi-solid Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw Using Percolation Bed Reactor

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